Benzoin theoretical yield.?
Since benzoin is a dimer of benzaldehyde, the theoretical yield exactly equals the mass of the starting material. So, this boils down to a density problem.
What is a theoretical yield?
When reactants are mixed to hopefully react and their quantity is known, then Theoretical Yield refers to the amount of product that will be produced till one of the reactants is completely exhausted
How to find theoretical yield?
write a balanced eqaution for the reaction C6H5-COOH + CH3-OH ----> C6H5-COOCH3 + H2O 1 mole benzoic acid reacts with 1 mole methanol to produce 1 mole methylbenzoate Since both reagent react in a 1:1 ratio then the one with the least moles provided is the limiting reagent. This is the 1.03 moles of benzoic acid. If a reaction goes to completion all the liiting reagent is consumed. The theoretical yield of a product is the amount of product possible if all the limiting reagent is fully reacted. The balanced eqaution tells you that 1 mole of methyl benzoate is formed from 1 mole benzoic acid. So theoretical moles methyl benzote expected = moles benzoic acid used = 1.03 moles If 12.06 grams of benzoic acid is allowed to react with 6.0 moles of methanol and 12.61 grams of methyl benzoate are isolated, what is the percent yield for this transformation? moles benzoic acid = moles / molar mass = 12.06 g / 122.118 g/mol = 0.09876 moles 6.0 moles methanol is provided, which is much more then needed, so the 0.09876 moles of benzoic acid is the limiting reagent. theoreticl moles methyl benzoate = moles benzoic acid = 0.09876 mol theotretical mass methyl benzoate = moles x molar mass = 0.09876 mol x 136.144 g/mol = 13.45 g % yield = actual yield / theoretical yield x 100/1 = 12.61 g / 13.45 g x 100/1 = 93.75 % = 93.8 %
How can I calculate theoretical yield of product?
You need a few things: 1) Moles of each reactant 2) Ratio that they react in 3) The limiting reactant The theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product you can get if the reaction goes to completion. Basically you figure out which reactant will be used up completely, and from there calculate the amount of product created. If one apple mixes with three oranges to create one shake, but you only have a half of an apple, but 10000 oranges, you can only make half of a shake.
Calculate the theoretical yield....?
First, write a balanced chemical equation describing the reaction: 2Na + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + H2 The equation is balanced because of the fact there are equivalent numbers of atoms on the two factors of the "->" sign. regardless of if, there does no longer must be equivalent numbers of molecules. What the equation additionally shows is how the molecules and atoms combine in terms of numbers. 2 Sodium atoms combine with 2 molecules of HCl to make 2 molecules of Salt and a million molecule of hydrogen. The ratios are 2 to 2 to 2 to a million. the importance of that's seen whilst the seen molarity is utilized. A mole is basically a huge style and chemists use the actuality this many atoms or molecules of something has an actual weight. a million mole of Sodium atoms weighs 23 grams. that's undemanding as an atomic weight and could be stumbled on in the periodic table. Molecular weight is the sum of the atomic weights. Hydrogen has an atomic weight of a million gram in line with mole. consequently, a million mole of H2 has a weight of two grams in line with mole. 23 grams of Sodium is what a million mole weighs. If a million atom of Sodium could make a million molecule of NaCl, then a mole of each and every will additionally do the comparable. this implies a a hundred% yield of NaCl would be a million mole of NaCl. NaCl has a molecular weight of fifty 8.4 grams in line with mole, so that's the burden of salt generated with the aid of 23 grams of Sodium. regardless of if, the molar ratio of Na to H2 is two to a million. this implies a mole of Na will generate a million/2 a mole of H2. a million/2 a mole of H2 weighs a million gram.
Theoretical Yield of Grignard Reaction?
Materials 2-bromopropane, 1.48g, 123.0 g/mol Magnesium, 0.36g, 24.3 g/mol The above two are reacted together to form a Grignard reagant: isopropyl magnesium bromide, 147.3 g/mol This Grignard Reagant is reacted with: 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 0.68g, 136.15 g/mol This Grignard reaction yielded: 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanol 180.21 g/mol Actual yield: 0.339g My attempt: 1.48g 2-bromopropane * (1mol / 123g) = 0.012033mol 0.36g magnesium * (1mol / 24.3g) = 0.014815mol 2-bromopropane = limiting reagent 0.014815mol * (147.3g / 1mol) isopropyl magnesium bromide = 2.18g 2.18g isopropyl magnesium bromide * (1mol / 147.3g) = 0.0148mol 0.68g methoxybenzaldehyde * (1mol / 136.15g) = 0.004994mol methoxybenzaldehyde = limiting reagent. 0.004994mol * (180.21g / 1mol) 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanol Theoretical Yield = 0.9g Actual Yield: 0.339g Percent Yield: (0.339g/0.9g)*100 = 37.7%
1) Calculate the theoretical yield of meso-hydrobenzoin if 125 mg sodium borohydride were the limiting reagent
To reduce one molecule with a ketofunction with NaBH4 it takes 0.25 molecules of it. So, in the case of hydrobenzoin - if 2 keto functions are to be reduced - 0,5 molecules are needed. 125 mg NaBH4 are equivalent to 125 / 37,8 = 3,31 mmol. 6,62 mmol of meso-Hydrobenzoin are formed. 1417 mg. If benzoin was the one to be reduced (one keto function) just double the yield.
Theoretical Yield/Actual Yield Chemistry Question? the benzoin condensation?
2 C6H5CHO -----------> C14H12O2 Since there is no loss of mass in this reaction, 4 mL benzaldehyde, 4.2 g, should yield 4.2 g benzoin. % yield = (1.4 g/ 4.2 g)x100% = 33%
What is the largest theoretical yield of a nuclear bomb with present technology?
Theoretically the only limit is how much fusion fuel you can acquire and properly place so that it also undergoes fusion and releases energy. For example if you had a huge supply of Tritium you could mix a blend of Deuterium and Tritium in liquid form, place it in the giant tanks on a LNG tanker, and detonate it in whole or in part by placing a moderately large nuclear device suspended in the tank in an insulated warm box (to keep it room temperature). If you placed a thin layer of uranium or thorium metal on the outside of the tank under the insulation layer you could likely produce a energy release in the 10,000 megaton scale. Even that is not the limit, it is just the easiest design I could think of with modern tech. The nasty secret about nuclear weapons is, getting the materials is the hard part. The first weapons were built with 1944 level of technology and a pocket calculator or an iPhone with a free math app has more computing power than all the people who built those first bombs. The ‘secret’ of nuclear devices isn’t a secret, it is an engineering problem to be solved based on what materials you have to work with.The other issue is efficiency, that 10,000 MT tanker bomb can only be used once in one place where you managed to sail the tanker. The same materials used to build that one bomb could also be used to build hundreds or even thousands of smaller bombs that could be much more easily delivered to whomever you hate enough to kill with a bomb. If you wanted to destroy a country anywhere from a half dozen to a hundred small bombs should be more than enough to do the job because the will to fight disappears at some point between the first bomb and total devastation of key infrastructure.If your goal is just to destroy the life on the planet well bad news, it takes a lot more damage to destroy plants and animals than Hollywood leads you to believe. Animals in the deep sea or people living in low population towns in Siberia might not even notice you had a nuclear war, and that was true even in 1985 when there were tens of thousands of weapons on multiple sides ready to be used at a moments notice.