Explanation of chemistry lab involving electrochemical analysis of metals?
Oxidation is the loss of electrons, and reduction is the gain of electrons. If electrons are lost by one species, they must be gained by another, and vice versa. This is why the half reactions are named so: they only show half of the reaction. From this information, one can usually discern if a reaction will be spontaneous or not. If Eºcell is negative, the reaction is non-spontaneous, and, if positive, the reaction will be spontaneous. (Note "e^-^" = electron) For the copper penny, Cu(s) → Cu^2+^(aq) + 2e^-^; Eº= -0.34. For the nickel, Ni(s) → Ni^2+^(aq) + 2e^-^; Eº = +0.26 and, for the iron nail, Fe(s) → Fe^2+^(aq) + 2e^-^; Eº= +0.45 --------------------- The filter paper changed colours because of the products produced. The metal ions reacted with the electrolyte (Na2SO4), producing the following, Cu^2+^(aq) + SO4^2-^(aq) = CuSO4(aq) = blue coloured (not sure why you did not get this result). SO4^2-^(aq) + Ni^2+^(aq) = NiSO4(aq) = blue-green coloured. Fe^2+^(aq) + SO4^2-^(aq) = FeSO4(aq) = mainly green coloured. Can be slightly bluish. These sulfate salts further would have complexed with the available water, forming hydrated complexes. The mixtures distorts the colours (as does the presence of impurities), which is partly why everything is not exactly as it should be.
In intuitive explanation what is CIE-Lab color space?
L* is Luminance (as in grayscale)a* and b* are chromaIt is device independent color space, which means that it remains the same until it is time to display it or print it using a device dependent color space (like RGB). For example, this was the main reason it was used as the color space of choice for the Color facsimile standard (yes, there is one!).For more info: Lab color space
What is your best explanation of why penny stock trading is a scam?
Not a scam:1) Spread between bid and ask is typically larger (percentage-wise) compared to higher priced stocks. That means, at the moment you buy, you are negative a larger percentage than if you would have bought a $50 stock instead.2) There are fewer participants in penny stocks, and $10k can buy a lot of shares. Buying a lot of shares can trigger unusual volume levels and attract further participants. They would be piggybacking on the original purchase. Now we have just a couple of players. So whoever sells first is going to cause the price to drop, which will send a second wave of late players. Since so few people participate in these stocks, and so little money is needed to impact the stock price, they are ... simply dangerous (risky).Scam:1) A lot of badly managed companies do a lot of shady things. Read about Crazy Eddie in the 90's. Crazy Eddie was a money launderer.2) Imagine you start to run a deficit -- because nobody really wants to buy your product, so the company sells a bunch of stock to pay CEO's salary, CEO uses some of that money to buy a bunch of shares, then pays somebody to promote his company... a company that used to trade only 100k shares per day might suddenly have 5M shares traded per day. This will attract more participants, and due to the publicity (paid PR), a lot of gullible buyers will think this company is the next Apple. These late buyers will be buying the CEO's shares as he sells out his original holdings to this wave of paid-for advertising and stock manipulation.3) Say CEO is voted out, no big deal, the directors will simply vote to sell the company to some back-stage schmo who will be granted a bunch of worthless shares, and repeat the same thing as #2 above... until eventually, the pumps aren't worth it anymore."Fraud?" you ask, "why don't they punish them?" They do! See: http://www.bloomberg.com/news/20...The problem is that it's really pretty easy to accumulate $5k to buy a penny stock, then go on Yahoo forums (or twitter) and tell everyone how awesome the company is, sell your shares after they go up a few pennies, make $20k. Figure you can do this over and over again, so you build a network of websites that all promote the same set of stocks rotated amongst the spam promoter's network.... it's so easy, and illegal.
What is an explanation of the OI spurts in stock trading?
Before going directly to the OI Spurts, I will rather start from the basics to make it easy for the beginners to understand. Those who know about Open Interest can skip to OI Spurts part:Open Interest refers to the number of future or/and Option contract open for a particular contract or series or strike. It is generally associated with the derivative market and changes daily with the market. A small example of an Open Interest calculation is depicted below :-The above table is taken from investopedia.com . As shown in the table, there must be involvement of two counterparties to open and close a contract, as in Jan 1 and 2, A and C buys contact and on the counter part B and D sells the same respectively and thus 6 contract stands open as an Open Interest. Again on Jan 3, A and D square off their 1 positions by selling and buying the same contract respectively and thus it must noticed that Open Interest reduced by 1 as no new contract has been opened ( or in other word, the transaction was made in same existing contract). Now on Jan 4, C squares off his position to E who buy the same contract and thus Open Interest remained same as the contract was not closed.This is how the Open Interest are calculated which is quite simple, but the major part comes in its application. Below is the thumb rule to interpret the Open Interest:The above table is taken from Investopedia - Sharper Insight. Smarter Investing.Now, What is Open Interest Spurts?Open Interest Spurts is a OI data available in NSE (National Stock Exchange of India Ltd) showing the change in Open Interest of all the derivative contract from previous trading day in descending fashion i.e Contracts with maximum change in Open Interest will be shown on top. Below is the snap of OI Spurts from NSE site :Hope this has helped, Kindly upvote the answer it you liked it.
Chemistry: Gold penny lab?
So a week ago I did a lab during Chemistry that included turning a copper penny into a gold penny. I have a lab report due soon and I'm not sure how to answer it! Help please! The question is "Could you turn other metals into gold if you had the right reaction? Why or why not?" THANKS FOR ANYONE that help me answer this! :D I Really appreciate it
In the gold penny lab, what causes the penny to turn from silver to gold?
This Site Might Help You. RE: In the gold penny lab, what causes the penny to turn from silver to gold? In a chemistry lab we did, we immersed pennies into a heated solution of zinc powder and NaOH, turning the penny silver. Then we heated the penny in a Bunsen burner and it turned a gold color. Why does the penny turn from silver to gold? Also is this a chemical or physical change?
Enzyme lab....?
what was the enzyme and substrate in this lab? enzyme: the person who flips the coin substrate: the coin itself what was the coenzyme in the lab? if the glove doesn't inhibit your movement, then I believe it is the glove as it is in contact with the "substrate" when it is combined with the person's hand, the "enzyme" what was the inhibitor in the lab? the tape if you were to keep selecting pennies from a pile of 500 for trial 1 for six more intervals, what would keep happening to the number of pennies being selected by your group and why? I don't really understand your question. What interval are you talking about? Do you mean doing six repetitions of your experiment without the tape or the glove? Are you selecting pennies that are face down to flip them face up? Is there a time limit for each trial? By the information you have provided me, I would guess that there is no time limit and you are selecting the coins that are not face up and turning them until all the coins are face up. If that is the case, the result of the experiment would always be that all the coins are flipped face up. As I've said, I'm really not sure what you are asking, so unless you give me more information about the question, my answer might not be correct. specifically why does an enzyme not work if its active site is changed? if its active site is changed, the configuration no longer matches the substrate that it catalyzes (the substrate can no longer bind), therefore it can no longer work. list two factors that can affect enzyme shape heat, pH what effect does denaturation, coenzymes and competive inhibitors have on enzyme activity denaturation: tertiary and quaternary structures are damaged, so the enzyme no longer assumes its natural shape, causing the loss of the ability to bind and catalyze substrates coenzymes: helps substrate fit to enzyme, causing greater efficiency of enzyme competitive inhibitors: competes with substrate for binding to enzyme active site. Their presence decreases the probability that a substrate can bind, causing decrease in production of products
Need help with this lab! You don't have to answer just tell me how to do it!?
check the question again:::: I am not sure which one is part I and which is part II The following is just my suggestion. I hope it makes sense NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H₂O (l) ???????????? what is the molarity of HCl and NaOH let's say you are given 0.5M of each moles = molarity x volume n = MV NaOH: n = (0.5 mol/L) (100.0mL * 1L /1000mL) = 0.0500 mol NaOH HCl: n = (0.5 mol/L) (100.5mL * 1L /1000mL) = 0.05025 mol HCl limiting agent: NaOH (0.0500 mol < 0.05025 mol) mass = moles x molar mass m = n(W) NaOH: m = 0.0500(39.997) = 2.000g HCl: m = 0.05025(36.46094) = 1.832g total mass = mass of NaOH(aq) + mass of HCl(aq) ````````````` Heat gained by the water = heat due to reaction mass of water = volume x density m(w) = (100.5ml + 100.0 ml)(1 g/ml) m(w) = 200.5 g ````````````````````` H = m(w) * C(w) *ΔT H = 200.5g (4.1813 J/(g*K) ) [ (28.2 + 273.15) - (25.2 + 273.15) ]K H = 2515.05 J H = 2.515 kJ Heat due reaction = - 2.515 kJ 0.0500 mol NaOH = => -2.515 kJ 1 mol NaOH ==> ? 1 mol NaOH(aq) x (-2.515 kJ ) / (0.0500 mol NaOH ) = -50.3 kJ/mol NaOH `````````````````````````````` remember you didn't provide molarity....the answer here could be different if molarity given was 1.0M or 0.8M hess's law NaOH (s) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H₂O (l) heat of formation of NaOH(s): ΔfH⁰ = −425.93 kJ/mol heat of formation of HCl(aq): ΔfH⁰ = −167.2 kJ/mol heat of formation of NaCl(aq): ΔfH⁰ = −407.27 kJ/mol heat of formation of H₂O: ΔfH⁰ = −285.8 kJ/mol ΔH⁰ = ∑(moles * ΔfH⁰ of products) - ∑(moles* ΔfH⁰ of reactants) ΔH⁰ = (-407.27 kJ/mol * 1 mol - 285.8 kJ/mol * 1 mol) - (-425.93 kJ/mol * 1 mol - 167.2 kJ/mol *1 mol) ΔH⁰ = -99.94 kJ `````````````````````
HS Chemistry- A penny turns a silver color after being heated in a ZnCl(2) soln.. Can you turn it copper again
[HS Chemistry Question ] Confusing question from a chemistry lab I am doing. A (Copper) penny turns a silver color after being heated in a solution of ZnCl(2) + Zn powder I know that the Zinc (Zn) is more reactive than the Copper, so when the penny is placed in the ZnCl2 solution, the Copper is "kicked off" the surface of the penny and replaced by the more reactive Zn metal atoms, which in-turn bond to the surface of the penny. ... Can you ever turn the penny copper again? If so, what must you do to convert it back to an ordinary coin? What procedures must you use to accomplish that? Please give a good explanation :)