Water, hexane, kerosene and ethonal. why do each of these solvents act differently?
Well, because they have different polarities. Remember the rule? "Like dissolves like." Water & ethanol are polar and then hexane & kerosene are nonpolar. Water & ethanol can dissolve polar or ionic solutes while hexane & kerosene can dissolve nonpolar solutes.
Does water dissolve into anything?
No.(Image of floating litter by User:Nienetwiler via Wikimeda Commons: File:101020 Müll Ballon Reuss001.jpg )Water dissolves (not dissolves into) many things, including coffee, sugar, salt, calcium, and carbon dioxide, to name a few familiar examples.But it doesn’t dissolve plastic or oil at all. Go ahead, pour a few drops of cooking oil into your hand, rub it around, and then rinse all you want with water.To wash something oily (like your hand) in water, you will need to add soap or detergent.Write on a glass jar with a Sharpie and you can put that jar through the dishwasher many times and still read what you wrote. If you need to remove permanent marker from a hard surface, you can dissolve it in alcohol.For further reading: Solubility - Wikipedia
Why makes hexane a good solvent?
For the purposes of this answer, here are a few definitions:Hydrophobic/lipophilic: repelled by polar molecules like water and attracted to non-polar molecules like hydrocarbons.Hydrophilic: attracted to polar molecules like waterPolar compound: compounds which have a partial charge or a north and south pole due to an unbalanced configuration (water is a perfect example)Non-polar compound: compounds that lack such a chargeIon: a charged atom or molecule. Salts would be made of two ions. Particularly acidic or basic substances have a tendency to ionize more than neutral substances.Answer:It isn’t always a good solvent. It is only a good solvent to lipophilic/hydrophobic/non-polar substances. It really depends on the partition coefficient which is a number that reflects the extent to which a substance phases into a polar solvent (water) vs. non-polar solvent (octanol or hexane in your question). Polar molecules and ions tend to like each other due to their charged and partially charged character. The negatives like to line up with the positives. Non-polar molecules, however, are repelled by charged/polar molecules (or ions) and tend to bunch together easily. Non-polar and polar molecules, as a result, tend to separate as a result of this repulsive nature.Polar:Non-polar:Soaps basically have a hydrophilic side and a lipophilic side. Thus, the hydrophobic side can grab onto the oils and other non-polar substances that water doesn’t like, while the hydrophilic side is attracted to the water and the water can wash these non-polar substances away.Soap:Keep in mind that the stronger the acid or the stronger the base, the more miscible with water something will be since stronger acid and stronger base means a molecule is more likely to be ionized (it gets more complex based on the system and solvent, but that’s the simple way to say it). Thus, something could look pretty lipophilic at first glance, but when pH is considered, it may be more hydrophobic than instinct may reflect. There are a lot of factors to consider when making a guess at the partition coefficient, which is why we rely on testing rather than hard and fast rules.
Hexane (C6H14) and water do not form a solution. Which statement explains this phenomenon?
Hexane (C6H14) and water do not form a solution. Which statement explains this phenomenon? 1. Hexane is polar and water is nonpolar. 2. Hexane is ionic and water is polar. 3. Hexane is nonpolar and water is polar. 4. Hexane is nonpolar and water is ionic. Select an answer
Why is dry ether used in the Wurtz reaction as a catalyst?
Alkyl halides when reacted with Na in presence of dry ether give alkanes. The mechanism involved is free Radical as well as anionic mechanism. In either of the mechanism Na will loose an electron and form sodium ion. The ether is non polar in nature and it is inert solvent. Na is a highly reactive metal. Ether in moist condition may be protonated, then the electron from Na may be taken by H+ ion and may convert to Hydrogen. In order to avoid this reaction the ether used should be always dry.
Which chemicals in the tobacco contains substances that can cause cancer?
the carcinogens
What are some examples of organic and inorganic solvents?
When it comes to solvents, I assume STP (as in standard temperature, pressure) being 25° C and 1 atmosphere. That leaves water as the most obvious inorganic solvent.Pure hydrogen peroxide H[math]_2[/math]O[math]_2[/math] is liquid at the same range that water is, and is about a polar, so it would qualify as a solvent, provided the solute isn’t something easily oxidized. Table salt NaCl would dissolve nicely in hydrogen peroxide without reacting.Carbon tetrachloride, while traditionally grouped with organic chemicals, is actually inorganic as it totally lacks hydrogen in its structure.Other fully halogenated alkanes (no hydrogens left) are inorganic as well.Organic solvents can be pure alkanes (C[math]_n[/math]H[math]_{2n+2}[/math]), alkenes, or aromatic (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.).They can have oxygen such as diethyl ether, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde, tetrahydrofuran, etc. These compounds tend to be polar, meaning they can mix with water to some extent greater than pure hydrocarbons.They can also have O-H bonds similar to water such as various alcohols or carboxylic acids. These are the most polar and can not only mix reasonably well with water, some can dissolve ionic salts to a minor extent, though not nearly as well as water can.Then there are hybrid organic and inorganic solvents such as DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) or dimethyl sulfate.The chief distinction between organic versus inorganic solvents is the former has at least one C-H bond in its structure, while inorganic solvents do not.