Is homesteading still legal in any of the Canadian provinces or territories?
Not really. You can't simply go into an area of the country that you consider to be "available" and start building a house and claim the land for yourself. As someone else mentioned, in the present day this is deemed to be "squatting". All of the land that is NOT currently owned by a private party is considered "Crown Land" and is protected by the Public Lands Act. Let's say that you found this nice piece of land in Northern Ontario which is on the shores of a lake, and you find out no one owns it, and it is not considered part of any provincial park or indian reserve. You think..this is perfect for a little hunting or fishing lodge for me and my friends. You decide you'll just claim it for yourself and start building a cabin there. But not so fast! Look what happened to someone else who tried that: "...On March 12, 2004, Ministry of Natural Resources Geraldton Area conservation officers received a complaint from the public that a cabin was being built on the west shore of Ogoki Lake north of Nakina. When the officers investigated the incident, they found that the man was building without a work permit and charges were laid. The case was heard in Ontario Court of Justice, Thunder Bay on April 8, 2008. The man plead guilty under the Public Lands Act..." What you have to do is ask the minister in charge of public lands for permission to occupy the land. Usually this involves applying with the right forms, specifying what the land will be used for (rural, commercial, industrial), and there are usually special clauses outlining how you have to protect the environment. You also have to wait 30 days to see if anyone objects to your application. Take a look at the regulations from the website below. They will give you a headache, if you can figure them out at all. ;-)