Definition of systematic agriculture.?
"Systematic agriculture" is not a special agriculture term or jargon. It simply means agriculture done systematically as in a careful, purposeful, and orderly manner. For instance, systematic agriculture refers to farmers clearing a piece of land, planting a chosen crop, maintaining it, then harvesting the crop at the end.
Definition of Globalized Agriculture?
Globalization in agriculture means today, agriculture is increasingly influenced more at the global or regional levels than at national level. Food consumption, production, and marketing practices, for example, are influenced more by global forces such as demographic, economic, political, and environmental developments than by local market conditions. The high food prices in 2008 (food crisis) is a good example of globalization at work. Speculation on futures market, high oil prices, increased demand for biofuels, and government subsidies on biofuel production have pushed up food prices. Reaction of countries like India and Viet Nam of limiting or banning certain food item exports further increased the food price because less food items are being traded in the world market. Globalization has further effects such as creating liberal trade regimes that support large corporations. Today, food trade and processing are dominated by a few large corporations only. For example, only 10 companies control 50% of the global seed market, and for the pesticides market, 10 companies control 82% of that market. Food production in countries must comply to regulations setup by the global community. For example, food safety requirement setup by the EU and WTO have worldwide impacts. Even environmental protection pushed by environmental NGOs have worldwide impacts. Their fight against deforestation and loss of biodiversity have pressured countries (such as Indonesia) to declare a two-year moratorium on deforestation and some companies to stop using palm oil as one of the food ingredients (such as for margarine and chocolates).
What is shade agriculture?
A type of farming practiced in rain forests is called "shade agriculture." In this type of farming, many of the original rain forest trees are left to provide shade for shade-loving crops like coffee or chocolate. When the farm is abandoned, the forest grows back very quickly, because much of it was left unharmed in the first place. After this type of farming, forests can grow back as quickly as 20 years.
What is the meaning of "agricultural extension"?
Agricultural extension is the service that provides technical advice to farmers, helps farmers acquire required inputs including credit for farming, provides training and evaluates new agricultural technologies on farmers’ fields in close collaboration with farmers, helps link farmers to supply chain and markets, forwards farmers’ concerns and problems to decision makers and thus helps in formulation new and favorable agricultural policies suitable for different regions, and so on. They are called crop advisers in the USA. They serve as an essential link between agricultural researchers/scientists and farmers and between policy makers and farmers, and between farmers and retail food chains. In addition to acquiring in technical fields, they need adequate training in communication, farmer organization and management, and agribusiness management skills. They are generally retrained periodically (e.g., once every five years) on new and emerging agricultural technologies and other developments. There are not enough agricultural extension service providers in many countries and it is one of the bottlenecks in moving new crop varieties and production technologies to farmers.
What does the term "sedentary agriculture" mean?
Today in the modern world, mostly sedentary agriculture is practiced. The practitioners have a fixed acreage that is farmed permanently instead of moving to new land whenever the soil is depleted of nutrients. Slash and burn agriculture is the opposite to sedentary farming, where in the former system, new land was cleared by cutting trees and burning the vegetation to plant new crops every few years.
What do these terms: high-input and high-yield agricultural system mean?
High Input - Intensive farming or intensive agriculture is an agricultural production system characterized by the high inputs of capital, labour, or heavy usage of technologies such as pesticides and chemical fertilizers relative to land area. High-yield: are a group of genetically enhanced cultivars of crops such as rice, maize and wheat that have an increased growth rate, an increased percentage of usable plant parts or an increased resistance against crop diseases. So the term high-input and high-yield refers to the industrialized production of animals (livestock, poultry and fish) and crops. These systems are designed to produce the highest output at the lowest cost; usually using economies of scale, modern machinery, modern medicine, and global trade for financing, purchases and sales. Hope this help
What is commercial agriculture?
Commercial farming, as it is evident from the name, it is a farming practice in which the farmer and other labors are involved in the production of crops, for commercial purposes. This article excerpt attempts to shed light on the difference between subsistence and commercial farming.In this type of agriculture, a huge amount of capital is invested, and crops are grown on a large scale in huge farms, with the use of modern technology, machines, irrigation methods, and chemical fertilizers. The basic feature of commercial farming is that high doses of modern inputs are used for higher productivity, such as high yielding variety seeds, fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides, weedicides, etc.In commercial farming, primarily those crops which are in great demand are produced, i.e. the crops which are to be exported to other countries or which are used as raw material in industries. Further, the extent of commercialization of farming differs from region to region. For better farming results, it is very important to increase the fertility of the soil. Agriculture hydrogel is a gift to agriculture.