Does anyone know how to remove dark yellow urine stains from a white plastic toilet seat?
YOu might need a new on. But since you want to clean try arm and hammer no scrub for your bath room it's so good at getting out grease and things. IDK about pee but it's worth a try and if it don't work you'll love the way it cleans your tub.
What do you do if you spill acid on yourself?
The answer should be Rinse hand with Running water. Actually, its not only one step that you should take once you spill acid onto yourself. Firstly, NEVER EVER use a base to neutralise the acid spilled on yourself. Steps you SHOULD take: Firstly, Rinse the affected area with water and remove contaminated clothing immediately. Secondly, deal with any acid that spills on the floor or other lab surface by neutralizing the spill with baking soda (or limestone is also possible as in excess shall not cause any damage or harm). Pour baking soda directly on the spill. Once the bubbling and fizzing stop, wipe up the spill with a sponge (wear gloves!) and wash all of the material down the sink and immediately notify your lab instructor, your teacher or whoever is in charge of that chemistry session. If you ever leave the area with the acid still there, make sure someone stays with the spill to keep people from walking through it or accidentally spreading it around. Also, if the spill is really hazardous (Meaning when you spill acid upon youself, the acid is a really corrosive/strong undiluted acid or spilled in large amounts which may cause harm to you), immediately forget about cleaning up the spill first. As usual, rinse your hands with large amounts of cold water, then report to your teacher/lab instructor. Always remember to first deal with the material which lands on you as it can be life threatening, no matter how small the spill maybe. Then immediately seek emergency help if the case is serious. Always remember to have an emergency hotline next to you in case of such incidents. If the spill is not dangerous and after cleaning up you feel itchy or you feel pains from the affected area etc, immediately go see a physician.
How do you get wood stain off concrete ??(accidental spill)?
Not sure how much of an area this comprises? Well at least for the concrete, try a stainless steel brush vs. a steel brush, which can leave rust stains. Have plenty of elbow grease! You may also try muratic acid. It is sold in paint stores and home center. It is very caustic, can harm you, grass, and plants, so proper safety gear is needed such as layered clothing, respirator, goggles, rubber gloves, etc. I would recommend a professional do this step such as a power wash company? Also,contact the manufacturer of the stain, you may be surprised to find out they know the antidote you need.
So let’s start with the lowest concentrations:diluted sulfuric acid on your skin: pretty much harmless. After some time you will feel some itching. Rinse with water… done!cold concentrated sulfuric acid: No panic! You got lots of time! It depends on the amount of skin. If it’s just a drop you can use water and wash it off. If it’s a larger area (e.g. coin size) this does not work and would do worse!In the beginning you don’t feel anything. After some seconds you will feel an intense itching and it gets warm. Do not ever use water now! Either you use ethanol or you take paper and wipe it off FIRST. Then rinse with water.hot concentrated acid: BAD! Really BAD! Causes craters immediately in your skin. Carbonification, your skin turns black. Very messy and dangerous! Ethanol…. water… hospital!Some people state you should neutralize it with e.g. sodium hydrogencarbonate: NO WAY! NEVER DO THIS! This will generate even more heat! USE ETHANOL INSTEAD!
What should you do after a strong acid is poured onto your hands?
NEVER EVER use a base to neutralise the acid spilled on yourself. Firstly, Rinse your hands with cold water and remove contaminated clothing immediately. Secondly, deal with any acid that spills on the floor or other lab surface by neutralizing the spill with baking soda (or limestone is also possible as in excess shall not cause any damage or harm). Pour baking soda directly on the spill. Once the bubbling and fizzing stop, wipe up the spill with a sponge (wear gloves!) and wash all of the material down the sink and immediately notify your lab instructor, your teacher or whoever is in charge of that chemistry session. If you ever leave the area with the acid still there, make sure someone stays with the spill to keep people from walking through it or accidentally spreading it around. Also, if the spill is really hazardous (Meaning when you spill acid upon youself, the acid is a really corrosive/strong undiluted acid or spilled in large amounts which may cause harm to you), immediately forget about cleaning up the spill first. As usual, rinse your hands with large amounts of cold water, then report to your teacher/lab instructor. Always remember to first deal with the material which lands on you as it can be life threatening, no matter how small the spill maybe. Then immediately seek emergency help if the case is serious. Always remember to have an emergency hotline next to you in case of such incidents. If the spill is not dangerous and after cleaning up you feel itchy or you feel pains from the affected area etc, immediately go see a physician. SHORT VERSION: 0) never use a base to neutralise it (Neutralizing acid spills with strong bases, such as NaOH can cause a violent exothermic reaction, and the base itself can cause just as much damage as the original acid spill.) 1) rinse your hands for over 15mins with cold running water, contact your teacher/the one who is in charge 2) keep someone near the spilled acid, so noone walks into it or touches it 3) wash the spilled acid (on the floor etc) away (wear gloves for it!)
Why does nitric acid stain your skin?
Because one amino acid in skin protein is tyrosine. This is a phenolic compound, HO-C6H4-. Phenols are very reactive to nitration, giving nitrophenols, HO-C6H3(-NO2)-. Nitrophenols are yellow. If you want a total gross out, pour ammonia over skin that has been stained by HNO3. The reaction gives a salt, NH4+ -O-C6H3(-NO2)-, which is orange. Other amino acids such as phenylalanine and tryptophan are also subject to nitration, giving slightly yellow compounds, but not as readily as phenolis tyrosine.
Your skin can’t really be stained permanently because the skin cells that are stained eventually shed and are replaced with new ones.If you could, however, change how the skin cells are made (DNA), then you could theoretically “stain” your skin permanently.
It doesn’t cause blisters, at least in the time it takes you to wash it off. What it does is cause your skin to yellow, dry out, and thicken. In following days the yellow skin, which is hard like plastic, can be peeled off and you’re good as new, if a little more cautious.
The reaction on the skin depends on the type of acid and also strength of the acid.There is negligible effect when organic acid like citric acid , acetic acid etc fall on the skin.However for strong acid like HCl , Sulphuric acid and nitric acid may cause conjunctivitis and even necrosis of the conjunctiva. Dermal exposures ,is corrosive producing severe burns, ulceration, scarring,Sulphuric acid is strong dehydrating agent so it removes water from adjacent skin tissue.Besides , Nitric acid reacts with proteins of the skin to form yellow coloured compound called zantho- proteic acid .
Yellow stains in old books can be caused by foxing, which looks like brownish spots.Or the paper may have yellowed because of acid related damage to cheap paper, which tends to be more evenly distributed.A third form of damage makes the edges of the book become brown and crumbly, is a result of UV damage to the lignin in the wood pulp from which the paper is made.If the book is valuable do not try to treat the damage yourself. Go to a professional book conservator.If the book is not valuable you can attempt to treat it yourself, but be aware that further damage may occur, including holes in the paper and loss of ink.The safest way to treat the damage and prevent further deterioration is by the use of MicroChamber interleaving paper. This thin, almost transparent paper contains dispersed molecular traps which neutralise and remove acids, pollutants, and the by-products of deterioration.If you can’t afford this, you could experiment very carefully by powdering the pages with bicarbonate of soda, then wipe with a clean white cloth dampened with hydrogen peroxide. Wear latex or plastic gloves, do not overwet the page, do not rub, do one page at a time and allow it to dry completely before treating another page. Neutralise any remaining acidic effects by powdering again with bicarbonate of soda before storing the book. This method may cause further damage, which may not be apparent for a considerable time. For this reason, consider first whether you really want to take the risk or whether you can live with the book as it is.