What does Thromboplastin do?
The choices are as follows.... 1.) initiates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. 2.) initiates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. 3.)converts prothrombin into thrombin. 4.)acts as a potent vasoconstrictor to reduce blood loss. 5.)dissolves the clot after the tissue has healed.
Thrombocytopenia and prothrombin time test?
These tests will detect most coagulation protein problems A relation between thrombocytopenia and time on bypass also was reported. The clinical picture, bleeding time, prolonged partial thromboplastin time test, and plasma prothrombin time test lead to the diagnosis. Thrombocytopenia : Relationship between platelet count and bleeding time. The bleeding time test assesses thecontribution of platelet number and function, and vessel wall. These results suggest that the severity of thrombocytopenia caused by chronic liver diseases correlates well with results of the glucagon challenge test. Prothrombin Time : The inverse relationship between the bleeding time and the hematocrit is particularly Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time. If a coagulation disorder is suspected, consult a hematologist first. Routine diagnostic studies include a CBC, platelet count, sedimentation rate, blood smear for red cell morphology, urinalysis, chemistry panel, coagulation profile, rheumatoid arthritis factor, ANA test, serum protein electrophoresis, VDRL test, EKG, chest x-ray, and flat plate of the abdomen. The coagulation profile should include a platelet count, a bleeding time, a coagulation time, a partial thromboplastin time, and a prothrombin time. If there is fever, blood cultures should be done. A bone marrow examination and bone marrow culture may be useful. If disseminated intravascular coagulation is suspected, a fibrinogen assay and estimation of fibrin degradation products should be done. Platelet function may be assessed by clot retraction tests. Spleen and liver scans and bone scans may be needed. A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis may also be necessary. Skin, muscle, and even kidney biopsies are often done to complete the workup. It can be seen from the above array of diagnostic tests that a hematologist should be consulted at the outset. Various forms of vasculitis may be confirmed by skin or muscle biopsy. Initial laboratory: Complete blood count (CBC), platelet count, peripheral smear, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and possibly a bleeding time. If the lesions appear vasculitic, consider a sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein determination. Serum creatinine and urinalysis can be ordered to screen for renal involvement. In vasculitis, the laboratory findings are often nonspecific and a skin biopsy for histology is employed
Explain why factor 8 deficiency doesn't affect prothrombin time results?
The prothrombin time (PT) measures the extrinsic coagulation pathway beginning with Factor VII. The extrinsic pathway does not involve Factor VIII, rather, Factor VIII is a part of the Intrinsic pathway.
How does prothrombin time remain in normal limits in heparin therapy although it blocks factor xa and thrombin which are also involved in extrinsic pathway measured by PT?
According to UptoDate:In principle, many anticoagulants affect common pathway factors and can prolong both the PT and the aPTT if present at high enough levels.The reason that PT INR is not normally affected by heparin, is because the reagent contains a specific heparin inhibitor. This is to stop the heparin from interfering. However, if there is too much heparin, it might falsely prolong the PT.Source: The influence of heparin on the prothrombin time.The anticoagulant activation of antithrombin by heparinReagent package insert
Why is thrombin time (TT) normal range longer than prothrombin time (PT)?
This is a great question.I'm going to hypothesize here because I haven't had a chance to test my theory and I'm afraid that by the time I get around to it, I may forget about this question.The real question is, what is the variable that makes the thrombin time act differently than what you would assume? I’d wager the answer is temperature.Protimes are performed at 37 degrees in order to simulate the in vivo environment, but also because most coagulation factors aren't active at room temp, or at least they are very slow-acting at room temp. Heating the environment speeds this process up so the test doesn't take all day.Now, we know if you take a tube of warm normal plasma and add calcium and thrombin to it, it clots right away, right? But this is a problem because the thrombin time is a quantitative assay and we need it to be sensitive, especially for those super old-school clinicians who use it to monitor heparin instead of a more modern test like the APTT or Xa inhibition. We need to be able to tell the difference between a patient that’s gotten a bolus of heparin and a direct thrombin inhibitor. So, if you remove the heat, you slow down the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, and in the process you stretch the calibration curve, effectively increasing the sensitivity of the test. But this also has the effect of slowing down the conversion to where it takes 14–18 seconds rather than one or two.If you change your test setup to have the thrombin reagent heated, my hunch is that your analyzer will give an error because the sample will have clotted by the time the analyzer reaches minimum threshold time. Or better yet, try this experiment on a fibrometer. I don’t have access to one so I can’t try it out as I’d like to.I’d be interested in discussing this with any other experts out there, especially those that have played around in the coag lab. I may have occasion to test this out in the coming weeks; I’ll try to do it and update my answer with my results.
How is the acitrom and the PT test blood related?
Acitrom is a drug/ medicene which is taken to maintain the viscosity of blood as it helps making the blood thin with its different dosage. If you have undergone Valve replacement Surgery with a metalic valve. Then you have to maintain the INR between 2-3 with regular INR PT Blood Tests. Acitrom is a medicene which you'l have to take for lifetime which depends on your INR. To keep it simple il say If your Blood INR is 1.50 and you are taking 2mg acitrom them make it 3 or 4 for few days and then go for a test and if it gets above 3.0 then reduce the dosage of acitrom like from first day skip the dose and next day take 2mg instead of 4mg. So thats how its related if INr goes down ul have to increase the dose of Acitrom and Vice versa. I Hope this information would help you further.
Why is the PT/INR test required in viral hepatitis?
The prothrombin time, which is also called protime or PT, is a test that is used to assess blood clotting. Blood clotting factors are proteins made by the liver. When the liver is significantly injured, these proteins are not normally produced. The prothrombin time is also a useful test of liver function, since there is a good correlation between abnormalities in coagulation measured by the prothrombin time and the degree of liver dysfunction. Prothrombin time is usually expressed in seconds and compared to a normal control patient’s blood.When the Prothrombin Time (PT) is high, it takes longer for the blood to clot (17 seconds, for example). This usually happens because the liver is not making the right amount of blood clotting proteins, so the clotting process takes longer.A substantially prolonged prothrombin time should prompt hospital admission and close follow-up. Also, any patient with acute hepatitis, regardless of the cause, needs to be observed until the acute liver injury resolves.Prothrombin time is a part of Liver Function Tests. A high PT usually means that there is serious liver damage or cirrhosis.Source:—Prothrombin time: Liver Function Testhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc...