How Is The Natural River System Often Adapted For Human Use

What are some ways humans adapt to their environment?

Humans have shown a remarkable ability to adapt their environment to themselves…However, most all the things we think of as “racial” differences are actually adaptations to climate and environment.Dark skin is protective against the ultraviolet rays of the sun. Not only that, peoples with dark skin are generally lactose intolerant in adulthood as they get plenty of vitamin D from sunlight reaction in the skin.Light skin, as we see in people from more northerly climes, allows such little sunlight as occurs in the winter to provide maximum vitamin D production during these periods, and these peoples are typically able to consume dairy products into adulthood, as these are rich in vitamin D.The “flat” faces and noses of folks like Mongolian peoples and Inuits provide protection from the cold, as does the tendency to deposit fat subcutaneously.Most all these sorts of things occurred during the thousands of years that human populations were small and isolated from each other.Now, with large populations, free travel, and considerable “interbreeding”, we see many of these features get more and more homogenized in “melting pot” areas.

Why do we have a number system with base 10 and not any other number?

Before the time of bases, there were count-numbers and division-numbers.  These were made in different parts of the brain, and thus are diverse from each other.The sumerian sixty-mal is a division-base, in that extra digits are finer divisions.  The multiple-bases are not given in usual accounts, but were 120 for grain-objects, and an assortment of 10 for other things.The romans used decimal as a count-base, and twelves for a division-base, the native fractions being formed by weights of the pound.The greeks and the mayans made use of mite-fractions, where one supposes a unit makes some number of mites, the fraction is some other number of the same mite.More interestingly is the alternating bases, which come by supposing that a low unit counts by L to make a high unit, and the high units count by H to make a low unit in the next column.  The repetition is then in HL.  A form of this is to be seen in the ancient germanic 120, where L=10, H=12.  This seems to be the largest attested base.Modern mathematics have lost these distinctions, and thus suppose that the sixty combinations of the sumerian number system represent digits, rather than supposing that there are just 15 symbols, five high and nine low.  The sparodic use of a period for semimedial and leading zeros, tells us that the system is a kind of double-staff sixty, the extant tables tells us that they avoid division using it.I use an alternating arithmetic.  There is no text for it, so i had to write my own.  And on the way, acquired profound insight into the numerous fractions and number systems of yore.

Is there any scope of artificial drinking water in the future?

Water is made of two hydrogen atoms attached to an oxygen atom. This seems like pretty basic chemistry, so why don't we just smash them together and solve the world­'s water ills? Theoretically, this is possible, but it would be an extrem­ely dangerous process, too.To create water, oxygen and hydrogen atoms must be present. Mixing them together doesn't help; you're still left with just separate hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The orbits of each atom's electrons must become linked, and to do that we must have a sudden burst of energy to get these shy things to hook up.Since hydrogen is extremely flammable and oxygen supports combustion, it wouldn't take much to create this force. Pretty much all we need is a spark -- not even a flame -- and boom! We've got water. The hydrogen and oxygen atoms' electrons' orbits have been conjoined.But we also have an explosion and -- if our experiment was big enough, a deadly one. The ill-fated blimp, the Hindenburg, was filled with hydrogen to keep it afloat. As it approached New Jersey on May 6, 1937, to land after a trans-Atlantic voyage, static electricity (or an act of sabotage, according to some) caused the hydrogen to spark. When mixed with the ambient oxygen in the air, the hydrogen exploded, enveloping the Hindenburg in a ball of fire that completely destroyed the ship within half a minute.There was, however, also a lot of water created by this explosion.To create enough drinking water to sustain the global population, a very dangerous and incredibly large-scale process would be required. Still, over a century ago the thought ­of an internal combustion engine -- with its controlled repeated explosions -- seemed dangerously mad. And as water becomes scarcer, the process of joining hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms may become more attractive than it is currently. Necessity, after all, is the mother of invention.But there are safer ways of creating water out of thin air, and projects to do just that are already underway. Read the next page to learn about a few mad scientists who may end up solving the world's impending water crisis.

What happens to a saltwater fish when it's put in freshwater?

Thanks to the magical process of osmosis, the fish will explode. Or, rather, it’s cells would, but I like to picture an exploding fish for the epic gore factor.In a nutshell, osmosis is the diffusion of water across cell membrane down a concentration gradient (making it a form of passive transport because no energy is required in travelling down a concentration gradient. Just imagine a rock rolling down a hill; you don’t need to exert any energy by pushing the rock for it to roll down the hill).A saltwater fish is wired to survive in a very salty environment, like the ocean. Since it is surrounded by a high salt concentration (in comparison to water), water will be continuously “pulled” out the fish in order to achieve equilibrium, which is why saltwater fish continuously drink: to replenish the lost water in their bodies.On the other hand, freshwater fish continuously pee in order to remove water from their bodies, because they have a lower salt concentration within them compared to their freshwater environment. Again, because of osmosis, the concentration gradient, etc. etc.Now envision putting a saltwater fish in a freshwater environment (poor thing… don’t actually do that…). A saltwater fish has adapted to its natural habitat by constantly drinking, and placing it in a foreign environment will not change that natural mechanism (at least it won’t survive long enough to change). A saltwater fish has much less water in its body compared to the environment, so it will absorb plenty and plenty of water. It will also DRINK and not PEE like a freshwater fish. It’s going to keep filling up with water until all of its cells explode. And the fish dies.R.I.P.

Why did all civilizations start near rivers?

Fresh drinking water – was the primary motive.Additionally, the settlement which is close have had easy access to other resources like Fish, Crabs and Oysters. Also, spotting and hunting of other earthly animals who visited river to drink water was certainly a plus.Slight progressive civilization also used the flow of water for agriculture and transportation purpose which carried trade into the picture.One particular civilization, called Mesopotamia, was established exactly between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in what is now the nation of Iraq. The importance was so much that it was required to keep peace among people living so closely together, they needed rules. King Hammurabi was the first known ruler who drew up the first recorded set of laws to maintain peace. The recorded punishments were pretty harsh which gives the clear impression about significance of the river in early days.