Which elements gain electrons and which lose?
For the best answers, search on this site https://shorturl.im/avXPT Valence electrons gets a lot more complicated than 8... Hydrogen and Helium only need 2. So elements have electron rings, and the outside ring changes in size. For Hydrogen and Helium it's only 2, otherwise it's 8, in order to be 'happy' they need a full outside ring. If it's not full, there will be an unbalanced charge on the element, and it will want to bond with something (it's not 'happy', it needs more in life to be happy). Y'know the saying 'Opposites attract'? Well, it's Chemistry based, really. If you have an element that wants to gain an electron, and one that wants to lose one; they'll attract each other and make the other happy.
It depends on how many valence electrons your atom has. For metals, the electrons are generally lost and the atoms will assume the electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas to it (generally the nearest noble gas before it). For example Li ([He] 2s1) loses one electron from its valence electron shell 2s to become Li+ and Li+ has an electron configuration similar to He, which is a noble gas. For nonmetals, they tend to gain electrons to complete an octet set of electrons and assume the electronic configuration of the noble gas nearest to it (which is generally the nearest noble gas after it). For example O has 6 valence electrons and the nearest noble gas to it is Ne. Oxygen has the electronic configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p4. Neon on the other hand as an electronic configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6. To attain the electronic configuration of Ne, O must gain two extra electrons in its 2p orbital, creating O2- .
By making covalen bond (sharing of electrons ) with a more electronegative element . And when bond is broken more electronegative element take its electrons leaving it short of electron.By making ionic bond ( donation of electrons) and when bond is broken leaving one with excess of electron and other with deficiency of electron.
How many electrons does nitrogen have to gain or lose to achieve a noble gas or pseudo-noble gas configuration?
nitrogen gains 3, not sure about the rest, read on wikipedia about how many valence electrons the elements have if the element is a non metal subtract 8 from that number, (for example nitrogen has 5 valence electrons and you have 3 it needs to gain) if the element is a metal (like with silver) that is a different story, I know that like elements in the first group of the periodic table like sodium loose 1, and in the second group they loose 2 but after the second they start going into their lower shells and gets really confusing
How many electrons will each element gain or loose in forming an ion?
calcium is in the 2nd group of the periodic table and has two elactrons in its outer shell, which means its got to lose two electrons. for a element to become a ion it needs a full outer shell that consists of 8 electrons. easiest way of figuring it out is look what group the element is in (remeber that you miss out the transition metals) and that will tell you how many electrons are in the outer shell, you then decide whether it is easier to gain or to lose electrons to form the outer shell, which in calciums case its easier to lose. so Flourine is in group 7 this means it has 7 electrons in outer shell. which means its easier to gain 1 electron to form a full outer shell to make it a ion. remeber when losing a electron the charge on the element is postive (+) and when gaining electrons on a element the charge is negative (-) so calcium will be Ca +2 cause its has lost two electrons flourine will be F - as it only has to gain one electron. hope this helps with working out the others :)
Does carbon gain or lose electrons?
Carbon hardly turns into an ion because of the fact it has 4 valence electrons. that's plenty extra probable to share electrons covalently. yet while it does, its oxidation state is +4 (or much less probable +2). this means that it loses 4 (or much less probable 2) unfavourable electrons to enhance into extra constructive. Lead is in the comparable family contributors as Carbon (and to that end additionally has 4 valence electrons) yet does not react in addition. It loses 2 electrons. Barium is a alkaline earth steel. It has 2 valence electrons and could continuously lose the two a sort of while it reacts with an anion.
●Silicon is an element with atomic number 14. So electronic configuration of silicon is K ,L ,M =2 ,8 , 4●Since silicon has 4 valence electrons , therefore, it will share its valence electrons with other elements to acquire noble gas configuration of the nearest inert element . It will not lose or gain electrons since it forms covalent bond.● Carbon is another element with 4 valence electrons . It also share its electrons and forms covalent bond.Thanks!!Hope its helpful!!
Using the octet rule, which element will gain or lose electrons ?
Most all elements strive to achieve the "octet rule", which basically means it will have a complete outer level of electrons. The reason we call it the "octet rule" is that after the first electron level (closest to the atomic nucleus), the subsequent electron levels will contain a maximum of 8 electrons. Let's take Magnesium. It is element number 12, which means it has 12 total electrons (and 12 protons). If we are to place the electrons around the atomic nucleus of magnesium, you will find that 2 electrons are in the first level. Then, 8 electrons are in the second level. That leaves magnesium with 2 electrons in the final level. I find it is easy to determine whether an element will gain or lose electrons by comparing the element to the two closest noble gas elements. The reason is that the noble gases are "perfect" and have each electron level completely filled. With Magnesium, the two closest noble gas elements are: Neon (10 electrons) and Argon (18 electrons). Magnesium, like any other element, will want to have the maximum number of electrons in the outermost level. Currently, it has 2. It can either lose 2 electrons (and have a configuration similar to Neon) or it can gain 6 electrons (and have a configuration similar to Argon). Which do you think it will choose? The answer is it is easier for Magnesium to lose 2 electrons. If that happens, now it only has 10 electrons, and guess what? The outermost level is filled with 8 electrons.
As a group 2 alkiali earth metal, scandium loses 2 electrons to become Sc2+, a stable ion.