What is the reason for the 2019 United States government shut down?
It’s only a partial shutdown.Basically, the government has weaponized a century old law called the Anti-Deficiency Act. Before it was passed, agencies used to spend money as fast as they could and enter into contracts they had no money for, in order to obligate Congress to give them more money.The ADA says:... that it shall not be lawful for any department of the government to expend in any one fiscal year any sum in excess of appropriations made by Congress for that fiscal year, or to involve the government in any contract for the future payment of money in excess of such appropriations.Antideficiency Act - WikipediaPretty sensible. If your agency is appropriated money, you don’t exceed it. By the way, nobody has ever been convicted under the act although administrative punishments have happened.In 1980 and 1981, Attorney General Benjamin Civiletti issued opinions that interpreted the Act much more strictly, and that agencies could avoid violating the act only by shutting down. Otherwise, the agencies would be on the hook for future wages and benefits not appropriated by Congress.Once again, we see how Reagan screwed everyone. What? Civiletti was Carter’s AG? And the previous record shutdown was in 1995–6 under Bill Clinton? Fake news!Now, of course, we can fix this problem for good in any number of ways, but then Congress and the President wouldn’t have any leverage over each other.
Will global warming make California and Cascadia colder?
I know they say it will probably make Europe colder, due to removing the Gulf Stream which prevents Europe from having a subarctic climate like Canada. What about Oregon, washington, BC, and California? It seems like the climate here is gradually becoming colder and wetter.