Hydrocarbons, alkanes and alkenes general formula?
CH4 methane is an alkane . The general formula for an alkane is : CnH(2n+2) Now for methane you have 1 C atom . Therefore n= 1 How many hydrogen atoms : (2n+2) = 2X1 + 2 = 2+2 = 4 . Methane is CH4 Similarly : Ethane has 2C atoms In the general formula CnH(2n+2) n=2 If n = 2 , then number of H atoms = 2 X 2 +2 = 4+2 = 6 Ethane is C2H6 You will find that each member of the alkane family ( you may have heard the term homologous series used ) has an extra CH2 compared to the previous member propane - C3H8 Butane C4H10 Pentane C5H12 Hexane C6H14 Heptane C7H16 Octane C8H18 Nonane C9H20 Decane = C10H22 They all obey the general formula CnH(2n+2}
Why is the general formula for cycloalkanes different from the general formula for straight chain hydrocarbons?
That's easy, Leah, alkanes have a general formula CnH2n + 2n. That +2 at the end is for the two hydrogens at each end of the chain. All the other carbons are connected to two carbons and two hydrogens. Well, in a cycloalkane the two end carbons are connected to the other end of the chain rather than to two two extra hydrogens. That's why a cycloalkane has the same formula as a simple alkene.
What is molecular formula of alkane, alkene and alkyne?
Alkane:- Aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons in which carbon atoms are attached with each other by means of single covalent bond are called as alkanes.Their general molecular formula, CnH2n+2where n= number of carbon atomsAlkene:—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons in which carbon atoms are attached with each other by means of double bonds are called as alkene.Their general molecular formula is ,CnH2nwhere, n=number of carbon atomsAlkyne:—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons in which carbon atoms are attached with each other by means of tripple bond are called as alkynes.Their general molecular formula is, CnH2n-2where, n=number of carbon atoms.
What is the difference between the alkanes and the alkenes?
The main differences between alkanes, alkene and alkynes are their functional groups and degree of unsaturation.Alkenes, alkanes and alkynes are all hydrocarbons. This means that they are organic molecules that contain only hydrogen and carbon in its molecular structure.Alkanes have a general formula of CnH2n+2 , n being the number of carbon atoms in its molecular structure. Alkanes are known as saturated hydrocarbons. This is because it does not contain any pi bonds or double bonds in its structure. Alkanes contain only C-H and C-C bonds in its structure - only C-H bonds in the case of methane. They are also generally unreactive and will only undergo substitution reactions with halogens in the presence of ultra-violet light and combustion. Long-chain hydrocarbons can also undergo catalytic cracking.Alkenes have a general formula of CnH2n, n being the number of carbon atoms in its molecular structure(n > 1). Alkanes are known unsaturated hydrocarbons as it contains a C=C bond in its structure. The C=C is its functional group. Compared to alkanes, alkenes can undergo a larger range of chemical reactions such as combustion and various addition reactions( hydrogenation, addition polymerisation, hydration etc).Alkynes have a general formula of CnH2n-2, n being the number of carbon atoms in its molecular structure(n > 1). Alkynes have the highest degree of unsaturation compared to the alkanes and alkenes. This is due to the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds in its structure. The carbon-carbon triple bonds also happen to be the alkyne functional group.Alkanes have aC-Csingle bond.Alkenes have aC=Cdouble bond.Alkynes have aC≡Ctriple bond.The compounds have the formulasCnH2n+2,CnH2n, andCnH2n−2, respectively
Science questions alkenes/alkane?
1. true , because they r the compunds containing hydrogen and carbon only .. 2. false , their general formula is CnH2n 3. true , their nomenclature is intheir name alk + ene .ie alkyl group(with yl removed) + ene as suffix 4. true , refer to this question http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?... 5 false , general formula cnh2n 6. false , They burn with a sooty flame because of the higher percentage of carbon in them producing CO2 H2O and heat. 7.true , reason already given in 2nd answer
How do you change alkenes to alkanes?
An alkene is a hydrocarbon with a double bond.An alkane, on the other hand, is a hydrocarbon with only single bonds.Therefore, to convert an alkene to an alkyne, you simply need to break the double bond. To do so, you can use the process of hydrogenation, or adding H2 to an alkene in the presence of a Nickel catalyst, at a temperature of around 150 degrees C.In general, Alkene + H2 ----Ni/150*C----> Alkane Hope that helps!
What is the general equation of burning of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes?
Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are all hydrocarbons. Burning hydrocarbons involves combining them with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.Let [math]C_xH_y[/math] represent our hydrocarbon. It doesn’t matter whether it is an alk-ane, -ene, or -yne. The equation for the combustion reaction will be:[math]C_xH_y + (x + \frac{y}{4})\space O_2 → x\space CO_2 + \frac{y}{2}\space H_2O[/math]Plug in your own values of [math]x[/math] and [math]y[/math]. If the coefficient of the [math]O_2[/math] is not a whole number, multiply all the coefficients by 2.QED
What are the uses of alkanes and alkenes?
Alkanes are compounds that consist only carbon and hydrogen, means that it is a hydrocarbon.And also known as paraffins or saturated hydrocarbons. In its structure carbon and hydrogen atoms are linked together exclusively by single bonds.Methane CH4, Ethane CH3-CH3 ,Propane CH3-CH2-CH3 etc are example of alkanes.Most alkanes are used for heating ,cooking and electricity generation. Alkanes with 35 or more carbon atoms are used for road surfacing.Alkenes are produced from the alkanes by a process called cracking.They are unsaturated hydrocarbons with one double bond (R-C=C-R). They can be represented with the formula CnH2n. Alkenes are mainly used in the manufacture of plastics. Polythene or Poly Ethene, Polypropene relate to their alkene partners.