What are the reactions in the digestive system?
The digestive system prepares nutrients for utilization by body cells through six activities, or functions. Ingestion The first activity of the digestive system is to take in food through the mouth. This process, called ingestion, has to take place before anything else can happen. Mechanical digestion The large pieces of food that are ingested have to be broken into smaller particles that can be acted upon by various enzymes. This is mechanical digestion, which begins in the mouth with chewing or mastication and continues with churning and mixing actions in the stomach. Chemical digestion The complex molecules of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are transformed by chemical digestion into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the cells. Chemical digestion, through a process called hydrolysis, uses water and digestive enzymes to break down the complex molecules. Digestive enzymes speed up the hydrolysis process, which is otherwise very slow. Movements After ingestion and mastication, the food particles move from the mouth into the pharynx, then into the esophagus. This movement is deglutition, or swallowing. Mixing movements occur in the stomach as a result of smooth muscle contraction. These repetitive contractions usually occur in small segments of the GI tract and mix the food particles with enzymes and other fluids. The movements that propel the food particles through the GI tract are called peristalsis. These are rhythmic waves of contractions that move the food particles through the various regions in which mechanical and chemical digestion takes place. Absorption The simple molecules that result from chemical digestion pass through cell membranes of the lining in the small intestine into the blood or lymph capillaries. This process is called absorption. Elimination The food molecules that cannot be digested or absorbed need to be eliminated from the body. The removal of indigestible wastes through the anus, in the form of feces, is defecation or elimination. Major supplemental digestive enzymes Amylase Bromelain Cellulase Lactase Lipase Pancreatin Papain Pepsin Chymotrypsin Trypsin
Digestive System of Protists?
http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/protista.html EDIT: Ok, you know what, I don't know why I got the thumbs down thingy and the person below me, who has completely the wrong answer, got a thumbs up. I gave you a site just to make you work a little for the answer, but here's the answer: There's three types of protists: Plant like, animal like, and fungus like. This is a bad question, because kingdom protista isnt a 'real' kingdom per say, it's a bunch of organisms grouped together that couldn't be grouped anywhere else. Therefore, there isn't a consistent digestive tract through the whole kingdom. So let me give you an example. Let's start with the paramecium (phylum ciliophora). Its digestive tract involves cilia moving particles into the oral groove, which goes into the mouth pore and into the gullet. Finally food pinches off into vacuoles which go into the cytoplasm. Waste products come out through the anal pore. Now thats a paramecium. Lets take an amoeba now. Amoebas mostly work through endocytosis and exocytosis and are very different from parameciums. Then lets take green algae. Guess what? We have an autotroph here that does photosynthesis! This is why I gave you the site above. It shows you how each phylum digests...but you have to dig through other material. Sorry if I sound a little harsh, but I don't know why I got the thumbs down and the person below me got a thumbs up when I have the correct answer...and they clearly dont. If you don't believe me, just go to the site I provided to make sure.
I have a bad digestive system. Is it IBS?
Upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are commonly reported by IBS patients with 25% to 50% of patients reporting... Heartburn Early feeling of fullness (satiety) Nausea Abdominal fullness Bloating Other GI symptoms that many patients also report include... Intermittent upper abdominal discomfort or pain (dyspepsia) Feelings of urgency (the need to find a restroom fast) Feeling of "incomplete" bowel emptying Abnormal stool frequency (greater than 3 bowel movements/day or less than 3 bowel movements/week); Abnormal stool form (lumpy/hard or loose/watery stool); Abnormal stool passage (straining, urgency, or feeling of incomplete bowel movement); Passage of mucus; Bloating or feeling of abdominal distension
How do vampires' digestive systems work?
wierd teachers, these, who ask you to answer the colour of a vampire's **** and if he can poop on a girl's butt. but, oh, hey, i have read so many vampire books but never heard of them going to toilets! all that they do, is drink blood. i think their digestive systems would work as a bat. or simply the digestive bag will add glands and secretions to the recently drunk blood and send it to the heart??
What is the most important part of the Digestive System?
You need all parts - without one, you couldn't survive. I really don't know how someone would expect you to "pick one", when really, when you need all of them. One is not "more important" then the other. That is, if your talking about the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, ect.
Trying to write paper on digestive system?
I am going to give you a bunch of topics, some of which probably won't fit your criteria, but some will Digestive diseases/conditions intestinal obstruction celiac sprue gastro-esophageal reflux cancer (mouth, throat, espohageal, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectal, anal) malabsorption syndrome ulcers gastro-esophageal reflux appendicitis cholecystitis (gall baldder inflammation) cholelithiasis (gall stones) Other disease affecting the digestive system cystic fibrosis effects of chemotherapy on digestion long term effects of diabetes mellitus on GI system alcoholism anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia intestinal transplant hepatitis hope that helps!
Try these on for size to see if they help-http://www.conservalion.com/uplo...Digestive SystemI mainly just wanted to throw out that due to their near extinction during the last ice age, they are a dying species as they are losing their genetic diversity (among many other reasons such as loss of habitat and mothers being quick to abandon their young, while the father leaves not long after impregnation) and reproduction can be difficult for them as more and more are becoming incapable of breeding, due to that lack of genetic diversity. (two tailed sperms, non-viable eggs) However they can be very tenacious creatures as well. I remember watching something on animal planet about a female caught in between two males territories. One male would come along, get her pregnant, she would give birth, then the other male would come, kill the cubs, impregnate her. Only for the original to come back, repeat the process. Eventually she wised up and went to both of them, they both did the deed, and when she gave birth neither could tell who the cubs belonged to and left them alone! Unfortunately its likely that without genetic manipulation and human intervention, these cats won’t survive. Its hard to imagine something so iconic and and powerful going extinct.
The tongue is actually pretty underrated in terms of its digestive system functions.One misconception about the tongue is that it creates saliva; however, salivary glands (submandibular, sublingual, and parotid) are ones that actually create saliva. The tongue just helps by mixing food and saliva which creates a mixture called bolus.The also helps by moving food underneath the teeth, otherwise chewing would be very difficult.Finally, it helps food to pass from the oral cavity into the pharnyx.
What does hydrochloric acid digest in the digestive system?
Hydrochloric acid has several functions during digestion. Gastric acid has a pH of around 2.0, which is highly acidic. Since proteins have a narrow pH threshhold, gastric acid denatures them and exposes peptide bonds for proteolysis. The real work of breaking the peptide bonds is done by pepsin though. However, since pepsin targets proteins and there are many proteins in body that we don't want pepsin to break up, pepsin has to be produced and transported around in the form of it's inactive precursor, pepsinogen. Once the pepsinogen encounters the HCl in the stomach, it is activated into pepsin and proteolysis can occur. Stomach acid is also useful in killing any bacteria that have entered the stomach through the esophagus and keeping the beneficial bacteria in the colon from migrating into the small intestine and causing problems.