How do I replace a wheel bearing and seal?
remove the tires,remove carter pin and nut from the axle, slide rotor out just a little so you can see and remove the bearing washer, bring rotor all the way off of the axle and keep it facing up. put rotor on clean work bench[can't have no dust or dirt on your bearing or inside of your rotor] and remove bearing. you can push the bearing from inside to remove bearing being carefully not to scar your rotor. [ while you're there check your brakes]when installing new bearing use proper grease to insure long life of the bearing..[caution] use care when reinstalling the axle nut and don't over tighten,just enough so the new carter pin can be install....get your bearing from your ford dealer. you'll pay a little more but you'll get better quality... when changing bearing it's better[best] to change both front bearings or you WILL have to change the other soon..when it comes to wheel bearings, tie rods, shocks, tires and brakes always do both sides.remember.....it's better to take the time and do it right the first time.......
Is a o ring an example of a non-positive seal ?
no
Where might i find a piston o-ring set for a 1971 ford pinto 1.6l (98ci??)?
Have you measured had had measured the crank, camshaft, piston bore, pistons? If you plan on staying with stock size you need to be sure of piston bore and piston size or your re-ring job will be a waste of time. If you replace the bearings without knowing that piston connecting rods and main bearings are true and proper oil clearances then once again you will only postpone a more serious breakdown. If you still have your bearings and gaskets in their unopened packages then check to see if a rebuild kit isn't cheaper then piece prices combined. As far as parts go, the internet is filled with sites just give in your car, year and what you want. It will take seconds to find it. For example; I typed in "1971 Ford Pinto piston rings" and got back in .35 seconds Results 1 - 10 of about 17,700 for 1971 Ford Pinto piston rings. (0.35 seconds) I would suggest you purchase Ford Engine Rebuild Manual or a Manual specifically for your Pinto. It is money well spent even for an advanced mechanic.
Even with continuous aerial refueling, how long can aircraft fly?
The reliability of modern airplanes are very high. The reliability of the power-plant (Engines) installed on the airplane is very high. If continuous aerial refuelling is available, modern airplanes can fly indefinitely. The pilots FDTL flight duty time limitation does not apply to pilots who are already manning a flight. No aviation regulatory authority have the authority or indecency to ask a pilot in flight to stop flying mid air, as his duty time has elapsed. In uncertain emergency the pilot is king, he does not have to listen to ATC (in case of TCAS advisories), nor any other airworthiness or operational authorities.Pan American Flight 914 took off in 1955 but landed after 37 years, on 21st May 1992, at Caracas Venezuela . The plane that had taken off on July 22, 1955, But got lost in the middle of the way and gave no signs of any news or reports!It is a charter plane Flight 914 with 4 crew members and 57 passengers! And was meant, to reach the destination Miami from New York.This makes us wonder and believe in the theory of TIME-ELAPSE or TIME TRAVEL. Some believe it to be a time travel. While for some it’s the matter of a ‘Ground Full Of Riddles’ as how the people are exactly the same age as 37 years, how did they survive and so on.Modern airplanes can fly indefinitely for 10 years or more if aerial refuelling is done. The reliability is high. The landing cycle would be calculated as 1 even if the airplane flies for 10 years, without landing. No manufacturers parameters would be exceeded.In conclusion, it would be possible to fly modern airplanes indefinitely if proper aerial refueling facilities are available at appropriate times
Whatis a mechanical seal ?
A mechanical seal, is a type of seal utilised in rotating equipment, such as pumps and compressors. When a pump operates, the liquid could leak out of the pump between the rotating shaft and the stationary pump casing. Since the shaft rotates, preventing this leakage can be difficult. Earlier pump models used mechanical packing to seal the shaft. Since WWII, mechanical seals have replaced packing in almost all applications. A mechanical seal is an improvement on gland type sealing pumps.It is highly recommended when chemical/fluid handled is costly,hazardous,toxic and it is used to save marginal amount of power.In gland type pump there is always leakage through a gland housing(1 drop/sec) which goes to ETP which has treat it and hence load on ETP WHICH IS ALSO A LOSS of power.Basically there are two types of mechanical seal:balanced and unbalanced. Balanced seal are recommended in high pressure applications. A mechanical seal is a device which helps join systems or mechanisms together by preventing leakage (e.g., in a plumbing system), containing pressure, or excluding contamination. Please visit for detailed information: http://www.mcnallyinstitute.com/02-html/... (The function of a mechanical seal is to seal the opening where the shaft enters the pump, preventing fluid leakage.Originally mechanical seals were developed to overcome the negative issues affiliated with packed stuffing boxes. Simple mechanical seals offered an alternative to fluid leakage; none, least not detectable with the naked eye. They eliminated the need for a routine maintenance schedule as once properly selected and installed they would function without attention until the seal faces themselves wore out which could be years later, versus packing months. While initial cost to purchase a pump with a simple seal may have been higher their were no post installation costs and the return for this investment could be realized immediately with virtually zero product loss over the life of the seal. (http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?...
What are the benefits of Rubber Seal?
Rubber seals are a multi-purpose bit of kit that allow you to seal off two different surfaces or two opposite surfaces (interior, exterior). This prevents Water damage, water leakage, corrosion, weathering and also provides an air tight barrier which will prevent the loss of air/heat. This is why they are often used in the manufacturing of cars and other vehicles as they provide a strong seal that is resistant. You can get different types of seals, ranging from rubber to Nylon. Source - http://www.vital-parts.co.uk/nyl...
A centrifugal pump was found with metal shavings between an impeller and casing. It was cleaned out and shavings appeared again. What would cause this, a wear ring? Is it cavitation?
It is unlikely to be cavitation. Reason, cavitation is an extremely high energy destruction of a point, then many points and the metal loss is in very small particle sizes. Cavitation is detected by extreme noise and loss of metal which show up as holes or missing parts with a very rough edge. (Like a volcano debris, cavitation is like an inner metal volcano effect.) It may be ‘rubbing’ of impeller and outer casing OR more likely up-steam debris coming into pump OR it was pipe assembly up-stream debris entering pump after lines are fully flooded and at high velocity.Refer Wikipedia article: Cavitation - WikipediaThere are many learned article and photos of pump cavitation on the web. The articles I have from my pump days are old and too academic for industrial use.Edit not: Swarf or metal shavings always make me suspect bad maintenance in up stream piping.
What are O-rings?
Silicone O-Rings and Silicone Rubber: Flexible rings for extreme pressureUse of silicones products helps in saving energy and reduces green-house gas emissions. Using silicone products can improve efficiency of using energy and materials. Silicone is known for its strength, resistance, and durability. Thus, silicone products are utilised in various assembling divisions for readiness of deformers, glues, ointments, thermal insulation products, foam control agents in washing, paint additives to increase durability of vehicles, etc.Silicone O-Rings are circular seals set in cylindrical applications to prevent media passing through joints and other breaks in construction. These O-rings are cheap, easy to install, versatile, and have immense capacity to handle pressures. Thus, they prominently used in mechanical equipment. Silicone O-Rings can handle pressure exerted by hydraulic cylinders over their seals. These O-rings are used in automotive fields and aerospace.Silicone O-Rings are used in various motionless, movable and piping joints. These O-rings are also made up of silicone rubber which has varied qualities and features like, silicone rubber is highly flexible at high temperatures. It does not react with any chemical substance. Silicone rubber is UV and Ozone resistant. Silicone O-Rings are tough, flexible, and do not absorb moisture. These O-rings are tasteless and non-toxic as silicone products are clean. Thus, they are used in food, medical, and semi-conductor applications.Silicone O-rings are formed by a rubber based inner core along with a thin outer jacket made from Teflon. Exactsilicone supplies Silicone O-rings which are made from extruded silicone cord, strip, and complex shaped profile, made using vulcanizing technique. Thus, these silicone O-rings have smooth joints. We also mold or custom O-rings as per client’s requirements.Features :Wide Range of Temperature from -95°F to 450°FResistance to UV radiation, Hot Air, and OzoneLow Compression Set CharacteristicsExcellence FlexibilityResistance to FungusNontoxic and Odorless
Mechanical seal leakage due to secondary seal?
#PUSHER: Incorporate secondary seals that move axially along a shaft or sleeve to maintain contact at the seal faces. This feature compensates for seal face wear and wobble due to misalignment. The pusher seals' advantage is that it's inexpensive and commercially available in a wide range of sizes and configurations. Its disadvantage is that ft's prone to secondary seal hang-up and fretting of the shaft or sleeve. Examples are Dura RO and Crane Type 9T. -A pusher mechanical seal incorporates a secondary o-ring; for example, that is responsible for sealing the fluid path between the pump shaft and the inside diameter of the rotating seal face. As the seal face wears and is hydraulically; by stuffing box pressure, and mechanically; by means of spring tension, compressed against the stationary face the o-ring moves along the pump shaft to accommodate this wear and assist in the absorption of shaft misalignment.Realizing the secondary sealing o-ring is in a dynamic state during pump operation its ability to be somewhat resilient is critical. Being in this dynamic state the secondary seal material must be nearly 100 percent compatible with the fluid in the stuffing box, any swelling or hardening due to incompatibility or temperature can result in pump shaft or sleeve wear and a leak path between the secondary sealing member to atmosphere will develop. Avoid dry running and vapour locking during running condition.
Air and water seals?
Lets take a piece of round metal stock that is (for our example) really smooth...place it into a canister or tube seal the tube on one end with a plate..seal the shaft with the air/water seal..they work like this first they are reverse cups ..that means that the cup or seal material presses down on the shaft and a s pressure increases the more it presses a against the shaft...Look for Falk seals or Chicago rawhide ..both use the same premise...now in our cylinder pressurize the volume . the shaft will move out in direct proportion to the force applied time its surface area...same is true on the seal it tries its best to push backwards against the shaft and blow out however it cannot,so you get a really good phenomenon..that is when the pressure inside rises so does the seals grip on the shaft....Its pretty simple pneumatic/hydraulics...but it works great..In the old days the grease was kept in the wheel bearing by a leather O-ring and flat washer and nut..When the wagon lost a wheel they just re-greased the spindle and put the nut back on and were off...well I hope i helped a little...from the E