What is the most accurate atom model to date?
Well there is not a single model of atom that sums up the knowledge about atom.Scientists are usually working with multiple views of multiple people combined to something like the “Modern model of atom”But probably the most to the date complete model is by Bohr even though it is old.
What is the most accurate model/picture/guess/drawing/representation of an atom we have currently?
I like atomic orbitals.They give a fairly accurate picture what's going on if you look at interaction energies that are typical in chemistry. What these orbitals show is the probability that (if you were to look) you would find the electron in the corresponding state in that position.The old Bohr picture of circular orbits is very wrong and misleading. As you can see in the top example (an s-orbital, the ground state for the electron of a hydrogen atom), there is non-zero probability in almost a ball-shaped area, the electron can even be inside the nucleus.
What type of molecular model is most accurate to the shape of a molecule?
At university ball-and-stick are regularly used (e.g. in tutorials / lectures) to demonstrate the shape of a molecule. The three-dimensional structure of a molecule can be confirmed by X-ray crystallography, which yields a 3D image closely resembling a ball-and-stick model. The same can be achieved from NMR spectroscopy data as well. The balls are placed where electron density is highest - this is where electrons spend the most time while whizzing about: at the atom. Electrons spend time in bonds as well; the electron density is lower here, so we use a stick to imply two atoms are bonded together with some electron density located in between. It is important to consider geometry of molecules also. Ball and stick model kits are built to take this into account. Carbon atoms have tetrahedral bond arrangements about them: 4 bonds equally spaced within the sphere around it. The reason for these geometries is to do with electrons finding their most preferred arrangements around the atoms (electron pairs repel each other etc.). Line drawings are simplified 2D versions - what we use more regularly as its quicker than making a model, and we can imply certain 3D features using different lines (wedges, dotted lines) to convey information about shape, with bonds coming out of or going into the plane of the paper. Lewis structures (i.e. drawing letters to represent atom types, and dots and crosses to represent electrons and which atoms they come from) have some use, but more often we're just interested in geometries rather than electrons. Counting electrons in bonds, or counting core electrons or valence electrons is sometimes of interest, and adding dots and crosses is adequate at conveying this. As for letters, C's are usually just shown as changes in directions of the line ('carbon backbone'), H's aren't shown when attached to Carbons, heteroatoms N/O/S and others are represented as letters as in Lewis but the electrons aren't shown as dots/crosses - the single line represents a single covalent bond with 2 electrons shared (you probably knew that!). So ball and stick models (or their 2D impressions on paper) for the reason that they most closely resemble empirical data.
What existing 3D model of an atom is considered most accurate?
MC Physics’ version of atoms is the most accurate, per MC Physics.A paper on matter formation using mono-charges is given in: “MC Physics Model of Sub-Atomic Particles using Mono-Charges”, http://viXra.org/pdf/1611.0080v1.pdfIn that paper and website, quantized mono-charges cause all force (all forces are electric charge in nature) and forms all matter (via those charge forces).Following the natural attraction charge force, opposite charge type mono-charges join together to form elemental particles (various quarks, electrons, neutrinos, photons). Elemental particles join to form composite particles (protons) and higher joinings. Composite proton particles (and weaker charges and particles) join together by flipping to an alternating charge arrangement to form nuclei of atoms. Weaker electron particles join nuclei to make overall charge neutral 3 dimensional atoms.Thus atoms are made of many various quantized electric charges called mono-charges joined together with electric charge force.