What is the difference between a sewer line and a water line?
A "water line" usually refers to a pipe supplying pressurized water ready for use while a sewer line refers a pipe carrying water with human waste at atmospheric pressure. My understanding is that a further distinction is made between drain lines from sinks, showers, toilets and washing machines to the perimeter foundation of a house which are then referred to as sewer lines from the house perimeter to the street and under the street. Roof drains and patio drains are not permitted to enter the sewer system but must instead drain to the street and the storm drain system. Otherwise they will cause dilution and process problems at the waste treatment plant and may also flood it resulting in raw sewage reaching the nearest body of water such as river, lake or seashore.
How to compute the elevation of sewerline?
1/8" per foot is minimum pitch for 4" pipe, although it can be steeper. This is a general answer.
What is the minimum slope required for a storm water drain?
The minimum gradient for stormwater drains (from AS/NZS 3500.3) for DN90, DN100 and DN150 is 1:100. 5. Stormwater pits, A & B are sized based on AS/NZS 3500.3 Each pit would be 450mm x 450mm with a minimum fall of 20mm between the invert of the inlet and outlet.
If my home sewer line is above the elevation of the sewer main at the street, is there any conceivable reason that I would be required to have a grinder pump to pump the sewage from my house into the main?
Any old slope will not work, just being higher isn’t enough. Too steep a slope caused the liquid to separate out from the solids, while to low a slope causes the solids to move so slowly they get stuck. Besides the fact that there needs to be a proper slope to the line there is an added problem of venting. Proper line length is a function of not only slope but diameter. There is a reason for line lengths as a function of diameter because a pipe that gets closed leads to suction.( From linkedin.com)A tube needs to be a certain diameter such that the outlet end must have some space above it when the liquid just starts to fill the inlet end. If you pour a fluid into a funnel you will notice the pulsing effect of the restriction of the outlet when the funnel is full. Pushing liquid down a tube has the same problem if the outlet side is full even though the whole tube may not be. It will pulse and this will end up with shit being stuck to the sides, and eventually plug it. (and I mean that literally) It is much simpler to grind everything into a slurry with a grinder pump and force it down a smaller pipe. There is NO requirement for air to be in the tube to allow smooth flow. There is a reason some people are plumbers and you are not.
How can I plumb a toilet to a 2" sewer pipe?
You could use a few different adaptors but it wouldn't work very well unless it was only liquids, no solids and that means even toilet paper. 3 inch is the minimum and will actually work better if you have low volume flush toilets.Solids are pushed through the pipes by water and gravity. In the old days of toilets that used 5 to 7 gallons per flush there was plenty of water to get the job done in a 4-inch pipe. But as toilets have evolved to use less water there is often not enough volume behind them to push the solids along horizontal runs with little slope. The small amount of water nudges it a little way then flows around the mass because the 4 inch pipe allows it. That is why you may have noticed you have to flush two or three times.However if you use a three inch diameter pipe the smaller size keeps more of the water behind the mass and moves it along more efficiently. But 2 inch you are looking for trouble.
What is the inch drop per foot on drain lines?
I live in South Carolina and I'm replaceing the cast iron and some other kind of old drain line from the house to a newer section of PVC that was replaced some years ago. (4") The top of the line coming out of the house is 5 inches below ground level and where I am connecting to the PVC line that is 16" below ground level. I should mention the yard is level with no hills or vallys. The two points are right at 100 feet apart.
What are the differences between the sewer and water supply lines?
Water Supply Lines are those lines which are laid to carry water from Elevated Service Reservoir (Water Tank) to infront of your house, through which you can get water connection. Pipe Materials used is Ductile Iron, Cast Iron, Mild steel, PVC, HDPE, AC. Water will flow with some static Pressure may Under Gravity or PumpedSewer pipeline is the pipeline laid to carry your house sewage (waste) water to waste water treatment plant. Pipe material used is DWC, HDPE, DI etc. Water flowing is generally under gravity. Some intermediate Pumping Station are also installed to pump sewage water.
Why do we reduce the gradient of a sewer line, with the increase of the diameter of a sewer pipe?
In the Manning equation for open channel flow the velocity of the flow is dependent upon the Hydraulic radius which is the Area divided by the wet perimeter. As the diameter of the pipe increases the hydraulic radius increases therefore the velocity will increase. The other variable in that equation is the slope of the gradient. If the Hydraulic radius increases the slope can decrease and still maintain the minimum scouring velocity required. By decreasing he slope we can go longer distances without having to go that much deeper in excavation.
What is the difference between a storm drain and a sanitary sewer?
Sanitary sewers carry sanitary waste from homes (sinks, toilets, laundry, etc) and waste from businesses (sinks, toilets, laundry, and some industrial discharges). Storm drains should only carry storm water from the street, downspouts and sump pumps (no laundry). In some cases, storm drains and sanitary sewers are combined before going to the wastewater treatment plant.