Why are organic solvents good at removing grease?
What the previous user "." is saying about "organic" is the definition environmentalists used (thus hijacking the term), meaning "from the earth / nature" or similar bull. The REAL definition of "organic" refers to compounds consisting of mainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. The reason dry-cleaners use them is because organic solvents are mostly less polar than water. Since grease is non-polar to begin with, it can be dissolved easily in a non-polar solvent.
How could these two solvents be used in combination in order to recrystallize Compound B?
You can dissolve your compound B in toluene close to saturation at a given temperature (preferably below the boiling point of the petroleum ether you got) and filter the obtained solution to remove any solid impurities. Then add an excess of petroleum ether to the clear toluene solution (several times the volume of toluene used, 5-10 times more would be reasonable, depending on the solubility of your compound B). The compound B should precipitate due to its low solubility in petroleum ether - this is known as an anti-solvent addition crystallization. You can then filtrate to recover the solid and wash it with some more petroleum ether (hopefully any impurity would be more soluble in petroleum ether than the desired product).
What is the best grease solvent?
sodium hydroxide -- drano -- drain cleaner -- that's how you break down grease if you're serious. Like a solid clog of grease in plumbing. The sodium hydroxide reacts with grease to form rudimentary soap, which is washed away by water. Obviously you're not that serious, so, windex (or any ammonia-containing glass cleaner) will take most atomised oils on a surface with a little elbow grease and paper towels....... TSP (trisodium phosphate) apparently works.. I also dig borax (sold as boraxo) for hand degreasing. You'll notice these are all very alkaline ...
There are few possible solvent for polysulfone. I recommend you to use N-methylpyrolidone (NMP), dimethyl acetamide (DMAc), or tetrahydrofuran (THF) to dissolve polysulfone.
Which organic solvents could be used for extracting an organic compound from the aqueous solutions?
This is based on like dissolves like, so anything soluble with water will not work. These are things you can look up in tables all over the internet (or just test in lab). The organic solvents that can be used are dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, toluene, and cyclohexane. If you look at those structures, none of them can donate any hydrogen bonds with water, and only ethyl acetate can accept hydrogen bonds. Ethyl acetate is insoluble in water, but not as insoluble as the other solvents. Acetone, ethanol, and acetic acid can all accept hydrogen bonds, and all but acetone can donate hydrogen bonds. Acetone is an exception to the organic solvent rule because its dipole moment makes it a polar molecule. Ethyl acetate also has a dipole, but it is not as strong as acetone's.
What is the best chemical solvent used to remove oil?
I've found that WD-40 works incredibly well. If your hands, (or something else washable), are cruddy from oil or grease, spray on a good amount of WD-40 and rub. The WD-40 will completely dissolve the oil and grease. Wipe off with a paper towel then wash with a mild soap. Dawn dish soap works very well for this. Cleans grease off of carpets too! We used to have a chemical referred to as CDX. I think it was a DuPont product. Cleaned better than anything I ever saw. Had a strange property about it though. The vapors would kill wasps, hornets and other bees instantly! I saw a large hornet fall right out of the air as it flew over. Another problem is that it was carcinogenic! Gave my Dad cancer and killed him.
Solvent....?
Oh guy, you're gonna get a million different solutions, in spite of the indisputable fact that it really is a good question. A sparkling nicely lubed gun is an absolute might want to. Gun scrubber is large for blasting away to majority of buildup. sweet's 7.sixty 2 will sparkling a barrel like no one's bidness, it hates copper so undesirable that is going to devour your brush too, so do not use a cord brush. As for lubrication: TW25B for a grease type lube and Militec or Hoppe's Elite/9 for a moist lube. There are also another large lubes and solvents accessible that i did not or couldn't aspect out because i have not used them, so this isn't to assert different solutions is in basic terms not nicely perfect. New ones pop up continuously so it really is a "keep on with what works for me" type of deal for everyone. absolutely one of our gadget gunners will purchase a Windex-length bottle of CLP pop the best on his M240 and in basic terms begins liberally hosing her down. he's likewise prevalent for his good gadget gun!
It's extremely unlikely that you've dissolved plastic into your product. The signals at 0.88ppm and 1.26ppm are characteristic of grease. Even though you didn't use any in your reaction, it could have come from any number of sources- most likely improperly cleaned glassware. Grease is easy to miss during simple cleaning of glassware, and makes its way into a lot of NMRs where is shouldn't be.There are two easy solutions:1 - If your compound is relatively polar, run a column in pure hexanes until the grease has completely eluted. Then, switch to a more polar mobile phase that can push your product through.2 - If your compound is relatively low molecular weight, I often recommend distillation. With a good vacuum, you can easily distilled compounds with boiling points in the 300 degree range at temperatures more reasonable for a common lab.Good luck!
Acetone. In everyday use as nail varnish remover, but dissolves many other organic materials and plastics. It will totally screw up the laminate around your bathroom sink if you knock the bottle over (ask me how I know). A similar solvent is MEK (methyl ethyl ketone, aka butanone), which dissolves the same range of materials but evaporates more slowly and is less of a fire risk. Acetone and MEK can mix with water.Alcohol. Isopropyl (rubbing alcohol) is a very good degreasing agent but safe on most plastics. Most frequently found around the house as alcohol swabs, those small foil packets containing a moist tissue for cleaning your spectacles or wiping the skin prior to an injection. Denatured alcohol (ethyl alcohol with poisons added so you can't drink it) is another good solvent, better than isopropyl in many cases because it's less viscous. It's also available, not denatured, as absolute grain spirit from the liquor store. Alcohols mix with water.Butane. Yes, I know, it's a gas. But liquified butane under pressure is a good solvent for certain applications, one of which is extracting THC from cannabis plants.Oils. Oily solvents - WD40, turpentine, gasoline, Goo Gone - remove oily deposits like tar and adhesive residue. Goo Gone is particularly interesting as it contains Limonene, a natural solvent oil found in citrus peel (which accounts for Goo Gone's orangey smell) and seems to dissolve things that other solvents won't touch.Cyclic hydrocarbons. Toluene and benzene are not commonly used around the house but found in the paint department of hardware stores. These are paint thinners, paint removers and brush cleaners with a handful of other uses.Chlorinated hydrocarbons. These used to be really common - carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene used to be in everyone's workshop, but environmental concerns have taken them off the market. They are excellent degreasers, better than any of the suggestions above. You can still get them, but once you've got them you can't dispose of them, so don't get them.And finally WATER, the universal solvent! Almost everything dissolves in water, if the water is hot enough and the pressure high enough. Very many minerals dissolve in hot water deep in the earth's crust and are deposited as veins in cracks in the rock as the water seeps up from below. Gold is frequently found in veins with quartz because these two minerals happen to come out of solution - in water - at about the same temperature.
I was asked to respond, so I’ll add my voice to the “water” chorus.Toxicity is a matter of degree, of course. When adding non-polar compounds to cultured cells, we need a solvent of low toxicity; the usual choices are ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide, both of which are flammable, and toxic in large doses but well tolerated in small doses.If you need an organic solvent, you might try propylene glycol. It’s relatively non-toxic (they put it in cough syrup, and non-toxic antifreeze) and combustible but not flammable according to the traditional distinction.