Metabolism question?
Don't focus on your metabolism, if you want to lose weight then this should help. Calories In > Calories Out = Increase in Weight Calories In < Calories Out = Decrease In Weight That means that if you excersize then weight loss will follow as you will get rid of more calories, this however does not mean you should starve yourself as the body will believe it is in famine and fat loss will reduce dramatically, my advice is to eat 1800-2000 calories per day and increase your excersize to make your body superceed that, that way you will healthily lose weight.
Is oxygen necessary for the complete oxidation of glucose?
No, Life always provides ways and there are biochemical routes to complete oxidation of glucose down to just CO2 or CH4. This is the case of anaerobic microorganisms able to obtain energy (ADP ––>ATP) through the reduction of Glucose to ethanol and the oxidation of ethanol to CO2, if the microorganism has the enzymatic package to oxidize this ethanol or lives in association with another that completes the work then the process:C6H12O6 ––> 6 CO2 + 12 H(+) + 12e-The secret relies in the NAD /NADH package to complete the redox, substituting the oxygen reduction to water ;12 NAD + 12 H(+) + 12e- ––> 12 NADHThe overall redox reaction has enough surplus energy to convert 38 ADP molecules to ATP, then:C6H12O6 + 12 NAD ––> 6 CO2 +12 NADHWill be concatenated to : 38 times [ADP + Pi––> ATP]And about 3 KJ of energy per mol of glucose are obtained this way, for Life support and with no oxygen participation.Another arrangement of anaerobiotic oxidation of glucose could use elemental Sulphur reduction to Sulfhidric acid instead of Oxygen to water and there sre microorganisms adapted to do so, but the most common oxidation route is the above and we have a real existing example in the swamp microflora where cellulose (glucose polymer) turns completely to CO2 with no oxygen required, here methane gas CH4 is more commonly seen than CO2 as the end product, the redox reaction involved :C6H12O6 + 24 NADH ––> 6 CH4 + 6 H2O + 24 NADconcatenated to 76 [ADP ––>ATP]
What functions do enzymes have in metabolism?
To begin with, metabolsim is defined as the chemical processes that are carried out in the body for various biological purposes, with the ulimate goal of maintining life. Enzymes, which in most cases are proteins, act as catalysts for these reactions. Here is an example for metabolism with the enzymes involved.
The equation for the reaction is?
C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(aq) --> 6CO2(aq) + 6H2O(L) What mass of water in grams is produced when the body oxidizes 1.00 mol of glucose? How many grams of oxygen are needed to oxidize 1.00 mol of glucose?
How can I slow down my metabolism and put on weight?
I have an extremely high metabolism. No matter what junk I put into my body, my body rejects the extra fat and excess parts and just takes what it needs. It has gotten so bad that I'm at the point of just drinking whole milk out of the gallon no matter how disgusting I find it to be--it is the one thing that has shown small promise. Basically, I've read weight gain articles and I'm sick of them suggesting that I have to overeat to gain weight--because I've tried the 6000 calorie-a-day diet and it never seems to hold, as soon as I get off it for a week, the weight disappears that was gained from it. I like to eat, but never really have a huge appetite. I'm 22 years old, male, about 5'9" and only 125 lbs. I work out regularly lifting weights and take protein shakes. Are there any ways to increase my appetite or to slow down my metabolism? I believe these answers will be the solution to holding the weight that I am able to gain. Thanks.
Why is cytoplasm a reducing environment?
A really good question, which I hadn't previously wondered (amazing what you take for granted!)It turns out that the reducing environment is mainly regulated by special reducing enzymes. These regulate the redox balance in the cytosol by keeping reactive oxygen species (ROS) at very low levels. One of the enzymes is called glutathione reductase which catalyzes the reduction of glutathione disulphide to plain old glutathione, which is important in minimizing oxidative stress and maintaining the reducing environment of the cytosol. The balance between these two molecules appears to be key for cytosolic redox homestasis.Other enzymes work by removing ROS and oxidation products from the cytosol. The include both thiol and non-thiol based enzymes: e.g. superoxide dismutase and thioredoxin-dependent alkyl peroxidases.It's also important to note that cytosolic redox regulation also depends on the redox regulations of other cellular compartments, i.e. mitochondria. In turn, the cytosol probably plays a key role in regulating the compartments.Thanks for the A2A.Edit - an interesting open source paper on the topic here: Redox characteristics of the eukaryotic cytosol