Is there any evidence that "natural rights" exist?
A mathematician can prove pi is irrational. Can a philosopher prove natural rights exist apart from the lofty language of Enlightenment thinkers in a similar manner?
Are collective rights more important than individual rights?
The Federal Governments responsibilities continually grows as States Rights are usurped by the Federal Government. Which came first, the States or the Federal Government? The original thirteen colonies (Original States) created the Federal Government, not the other way around. The Populous belief is that the Federal Government should have over-site on schools, health-care and economics in general.
Aristotle believed that the state is greater than the individual.?
It is rational to assume that, because there is so much diversity of culture and experience, there really is no objective moral standard of right and wrong ? It is irrational to assume that, because everyone is so different in their beliefs and experience, something can be objectively morally good for you, but not objectively morally good for me
How do we know human rights exist?
We don't; we assume that they exist, because otherwise it would be nearly impossible to maintain any form of social structure that involves more than one person in relation to another. "Human rights" are an abstract concept that would not need to exist were there only one human being in existence -- it's hard to conceive of anything that one person could do to him or herself that would violate any "human right". Only when one person comes into contact with another need we truly concern ourselves with their responsibilities regarding interactions with one another; and with every "right" that is determined to exist, a coexistent "duty" is placed on the other person or people. Thus, because there exists more than one human being on this planet, and they must interact with one another, there must be some basic rules by which they are expected to interact - these are what we consider to be "human rights", and they exist as a result of those interactions.