What Was The Committiee Of Public Safety How Did This Body Come To Posses Tyranical Power

How did Napoleon rise to power?

NAPOLEON BONAPARTE :Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), also known as Napoleon I, was a French military leader and emperor who conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century. Born on the island of Corsica, Napoleon rapidly rose through the ranks of the military during the French Revolution (1789-1799). After seizing political power in France in a 1799 coup d’état, he crowned himself emperor in 1804. Shrewd, ambitious and a skilled military strategist, Napoleon successfully waged war against various coalitions of European nations and expanded his empire. However, after a disastrous French invasion of Russia in 1812, Napoleon abdicated the throne two years later and was exiled to the island of Elba. In 1815, he briefly returned to power in his Hundred Days campaign. After a crushing defeat at the Battle of Waterloo, he abdicated once again and was exiled to the remote island of Saint Helena, where he died at 51.NAPOLEON’S RISE TO POWER :Since 1792, France’s revolutionary government had been engaged in military conflicts with various European nations. In 1796, Napoleon commanded a French army that defeated the larger armies of Austria, one of his country’s primary rivals, in a series of battles in Italy. In 1797, France and Austria signed the Treaty of Campo Formio, resulting in territorial gains for the French.The following year, the Directory, the five-person group that had governed France since 1795, offered to let Napoleon lead an invasion of England. Napoleon determined that France’s naval forces were not yet ready to go up against the superior British Royal Navy. Instead, he proposed an invasion of Egypt in an effort to wipe out British trade routes with India. Napoleon’s troops scored a victory against Egypt’s military rulers, the Mamluks, at the Battle of the Pyramids in July 1798; soon, however, his forces were stranded after his naval fleet was nearly decimated by the British at the Battle of the Nile in August 1798. In early 1799, Napoleon’s army launched an invasion of OTTOMAN EMPIRE-ruled SYRIA, which ended with the failed siege of Acre, located in modern-day ISRAEL. That summer, with the political situation in France marked by uncertainty, the ever-ambitious and cunning Napoleon opted to abandon his army in Egypt and return to France.HOPING THIS ANSWER SATISFIES YOU !!

Was Maximilian Robespierre a dictator?

Robespierre in the beginning of his political power was technically more of an oligarch than a dictator. In July of 1793, he was elected to the newly-created Committee of Public Safety, the result of Georges Danton and Maximin Isnard’s organization. This committee, consisting of nine members, formed France’s main executive body and held wide powers over the nation’s government, as its influence grew, it was able to easily silence its opposition. Its autocratic power peaked with the Reign of Terror, where it acted de facto as the nation’s joint dictatorship, of which Robespierre held membership. Theoretically, power was equally divided amongst the nine, later twelve members, but each member held a certain specialization in their authority. This meant that some members were more powerful than others, of which Robespierre certainly had great influence.Later, in 1794, Robespierre joined the rest of the Committee in denouncing the Hébertists and Dantonists. He personally despised the Hébertists for their radical anti-Christian and atheistic ideology. As for the Dantonists, Robespierre was quite consistent in the way he presented his beliefs; as an expression of France’s general will. While Robespierre had earlier defended Danton (who’s moderate views on the Terror upset other members of the Committee of Public Safety), Danton himself began to pose a threat to Robespierre’s power, which Robespierre identified as a danger to France itself. As such, he implicated the Hébertists and Dantonists in a conspiracy with foreign powers, and their leaders were sent to the guillotine for what was mainly just a difference in opinion that ran contrary to Robespierre’s.With their execution, Robespierre had effectively and decisively become a de facto tyrant, but not effectively a dictator, as he was not invulnerable, as even fellow members on the Committee began to feel threatened by him and eventually joined his opposition. Robespierre’s self-righteousness and narrow-mindedness were characteristics in his rise that eventually caused his downfall, with many opposing him simply due to the widespread, merciless fear he wielded, but his power mainly rested on the atmosphere of paranoia that he generated - without it, his influence easily crumbled.