Electric Circuits Question?
First, you are not transforming energy between both systems! The conservation law applies for each separate system; They are very different. Second, in spite of the fact that you have the same power source (the same amount of energy) and bulbs, you can see in the formulas below that the current is very different in both systems by a factor of 1/4! It only means that the series circuit consumes less energy and the batteries last longer with less brightness: you can try it here too: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/electric/dcex3.html You have here a simulation: http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Circuit_Construction_Kit_DC_Only. More__________________________________... Important! 1. The most bright bulb will be the one that consumes more energy per second (which means that it has more power); 2. Considerer that we have the same Voltage in both circuits and that bulbs are all equal; In a series circuit, the power in the bulb is, P´: P´=V´I, V' is the potential difference in one bulb and I is the electrical intensity (I is equal in both bulbs, but the voltage is the sum); because of Ohm's law, V'=R*I', but I=I', so V=R*I, and P'=R*I^2; In a parallel circuit, the power in the bulb 1, P´ is: P´=V*I', where V potential difference and I´ is the electrical intensity in bulb 1 (in parallel circuits the potential is the same but the current is not the same in both bulbs); well, Ohm's law says, V=R*I´, where I'=I/2 (because we considerer both bulbs equal), P'=R/4*I^2. Conclusion: the current I in both the circuit are not equal, they are related like this: Iparallel=4*Iseries, so this shows that the power of the bulb in series (s) is and in parallel (p) is: Ps=Pp/4; which means that the brigtheness of the parallel bulbs is 4 times more! I can only show the formulas in my site in my course of physics: physics in questions: http://www.aprenderpontofinal.com/moodle/course/view.php?id=13 More... http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/electric/batbulb2.html#c1
Do batteries last longer in a parallel or series longer?
such as having 2 AA batteries set up as a series compared to 2 AA batteries set up in a parallel. I'm not looking for a real detailed answer just a short simple one with brief explanation thanks!
What are some of the application of series and parallel circuits?
Ok, let us see…Parallel circuits:Lighting in your house: if any of them is burnt, you still get the others on.Voltage regulation in a DC rectifying circuit. You add a huge capacitor in parallel with an inverse polarized zenner diode and some other things.Series circuits:Lighting in your house: the light switch is in series with any amount of parallel lamps you want to turn on and off at the same time.When, within a circuit, you have a power indicator LED, you will put it in series with a resistor to make sure the current through the LED is correct.
Would using a resistor in a circuit make a battery last longer?
It kinda depends on the purpose of the circuit. Sure, the bigger the resistance in the circuit the current flowing will be lower, hence power dissipation will reduce and the battery will last longer.But you need to figure out if the circuit, whatever it is, can do the job you want.As described, the resistance is reducing the current flow but is also dissipating energy, and thus probably wasteful. Less power is doing useful work for you.Take the case of a 10V battery (theoretical for sake of easy math) that has 10Wh capacity. We connect a 5W bulb (rated for 10V, which equates to 20 Ohm). The bulb will light for 2 hours.Now let's put a 20 Ohm resistance in the circuit as well. Assume the bulb resistance hasn't changed even though less current is flowing now (bulbs don't have linear resistance but that's another topic). The circuit total resistance has doubled. Now the current flow has halved and the battery will last 4 hours.The bulb is lighting up for twice as long! But actually we've wasted half the battery energy heating up a resistor. And the bulb is lighting very dimly, so isn't actually doing the work we want of it.So, yes, adding resistance to a circuit increases battery life, but you get less work done as a result.As a side exercise, look up maximum power transfer theory. For some purposes the goal is to get the most instantaneous power from a source, not just longest run time.
Which circuit configuration drains batteries more quickly ?
Parallel will drain the battery more quickly generally. The total circuit resistance is less when loads are wired in parallel essentially because there are more ways the electrons can flow/ greater area for electron flow. A higher current will result thus draining the battery faster. Why? because every battery has a certain capacity measured in the total amount of charge it can "pump"(this is usally given in miliAmpHours). The faster the charge is pumped(the higher the current) the quicker the battery will work through it capacity.
Why connect batteries in parallel?
All 5 good answers. In case, some are still a little foggy about all of this. Here’s a practical real-life situation to explain why connect batteries in parallel.Let’s say you have an 8-cylinder diesel engine to start. The electric starter requires 400 amps (A) at 12V to operate; and can usually start the engine in less than 2-seconds at room temperature. You have a 12V battery (10Ah) that won’t do the job. So, you need to connect more of the same batteries in parallel to increase amperage (current), not voltage. Power = Voltage x CurrentSo, Power = 12V x 400A = 4,800 watts. You’ll need at least 4.8kW to crank this engine.Let’s make believe you are using a Li-ion battery type that’s good for 5C discharge for 10-seconds. That means your 10Ah battery can put out 50A for up to 10-seconds. That means you will need at least 8 batteries to supply 400A at 12V for 10-sec. or less.Power = 8 x 12V x 50A = 4,800 wattsSo, connecting batteries in parallel increase current or power output of the pack.
In a parallel circuit, if one path has 0 resistance, will all the current flow through it?
This is an interesting question. Theoretically a zero-ohm parallel path would conduct 100% of the available current, but aside from superconductors (which have a current limit) there is always some resistance in a real conductor.[Pet peeve rant: current does not take the path of least resistance. If current did take the path of least resistance then in a circuit with 99, 100, and 101 ohm parallel resistors ALL current would flow through the 99 ohm resistor; this does not happen. Current flow is greater for lesser resistance parallel branches, but it is always equal to the voltage across the branch divided by the branch resistance (or impedance, where appropriate).Rant over.]
Can I connect 9v batteries in series and parallel?
They contain a surprising amount of power, they work well if the behaviour is the same (not in real world), but:If the batteries are of the same brand and fresh, they could be series connected (internally the battery are series connected AAAA)Parallel connection, only with the above recommendation, and for short period. In the long run they don't deteriorate equally.The general problem occurs when one battery discharge more fast than the other, it turns out that the best battery tries to charge the other. In non rechargeable batteries is bad, in rechargeable could kill the bad battery or reverse polarity!
Why is voltage constant in a parallel circuit? How about voltage in a parallel circuit? To what can I compare it to for better understanding?
For a fair comparison, compare it to gravity.Voltage is a measure of potential energy (or energy per charge, or Joules per Coulomb). Gravity has potential energy in the same way -- potential energy equals mass * height * acceleration constant, or mgh.Let's move that mass up (give it some potential energy), then drop it down, then move it around and then put it back in the same place it was before.When it's back in the same place, the gravitational potential energy is the same as it was before -- mgh.The same goes for voltage. Take any path you choose, around in any directions and through whatever paths you pick. When you end up back in the place you started, the potential energy must be the same.This gives us Kirchoff's voltage law: The sum of the voltages in a loop (that is, the sum of how the potential energy changes along a path that comes back to its original point) must equal zero.From there, it is pretty simple to derive why parallel circuits have the same voltage across every branch.Let's draw some loops. Start at the bottom, trace through the battery, then trace down the first branch (the first resistor). -V_battery + V_resistor1 = 0, so V_resistor1 must be equal to V_battery.Now let's trace a loop through the second resistor branch. -V_battery + V_resistor2 = 0, so V_resistor2 = V_battery.Keep it up and you'll see that all of the parallel resistors must have the same voltage.I used mathematical equations, but they're nothing more than manifestation of that rule -- if you end up at the same place, you have to be at the same potential energy.
What would happen if two batteries connected in parallel?
When you connect two identical batteries in parallel, you double the output capacity while keep the output voltage the same as either battery. In the other case, if two identical batteries are connected in series, the output voltage is doubled but the output capacity is kept the same as either battery. In both cases, the output energy is doubled.Both series and parallel connects are very common when a single battery (or cell) cannot do the job.For example, the battery pack in the laptop consists of multiple cells (lithium-ion batteries). There can be 6-cell battery pack with 3 in series and two groups of the 3 cells in parallel. This way the output voltage can be 11.1V (3 by 3.7V) and the output capacity can be 4400 mAh (2 by 2200 mAh). There also can be 9-cell battery pack with 3 in series and three groups of the 3 cells in parallel. So 11.1V and 6600 mAh. So on and so forth.Same is true for electric car battery packs. The 24 kWh Nissan LEAF uses 192 of 33.1 Ah cells in its battery pack. 96 of such cells are put in series to output 360 V. Two groups of the 96 cells are connected in parallel. There is some interesting data on cell capacity, energy density and range on http://www.emvalley.com/?From=QuoraIf the two cells connected in parallel are not identical, a few things can happen, as addressed in other answers. Firstly, the voltage of the cells will be balanced. Secondly, the difference in cell properties such as internal resistance will affect how the current goes in and out of each cell. Thirdly, if one cell is shorted, it can drain the other cell.In comparison, when two different cells in series are being used, the voltage of each cell can be different and one cell can reach end of (dis)charge faster than the other cell. The voltage of each cell will not be balanced instantaneously.EV battery packs consists of hundreds and even thousands of cells. The cells are graded to be quite close to being identical, but are still different, and even more different as the cells age. So it is crucial for the battery management system to monitor, balance and control each individual cell.