Where Can I Find A Data Tables Of Wind Speed For Any City

Where can I get raw data for wind speed and direction in my local area and in the state?

Several options:NOAA Land-based Station dataNOAA NCEIWeather Underground APIOpenWeatherMapClimate.GovHope this helps!

How do snipers calculate wind?

You don’t calculate wind.You only estimate wind.But you can calculate adjustments based on wind.Proper terminlogoy aside.As a sniper wind causes us the most headache when it comes to long range shooting. It is a very tricky variable as it is rarely consistent, it affects the bullet over the entire flight and you can only estimate it accurately at the firing position using an anemometer aka. Wind meter, seen below a Kestrel mobile weather station. We also use other methods like the Beaufort scale or if present flags to some extent.One moment wind could come from the left, in a breeze and the next it could be gusting for 2 seconds which pushes your round further right than predicted. Wind is also terrain dependent and some terrain like urban areas create complex wind flow environments which are extremely hard to determine. Because wind is so unpredictable and inconsistent, even when using the Kestrel and ballistic calculator, we usually try not to make any adjustments for the wind but rather wait for the wind to die down and shoot.But if we had to calculate wind adjustments the proper way to do it would be to create a wind drift data card .Usually it is in our data book or pasted on the rifle somewhere…its all precalculated by using a ballistic calculator for your individual weapon. The particular one shown above is too elaborate, a ‘combat’ one would just be a 10km/h drift card as you can easily calculate from that.Say the wind is 5km/h, all you had to so is half the original 10km/h adjustment.We do not usually use manual means of calculating wind adjustments anymore since we have the ballistic calculator, its just too time consuming and impractical to calculate wind adjustments with pen and paper in combat.Wind also has value, if the wind comes from 12 or 6 oclock it is deemed as negligible and therefore of no value. 3 and 9 oclock have the most value as the force is acting at a 90 degree angle to the projectile.Something like this.

Where is the coldest city in the world?

Let’s just be honest here, I believe living in a cold city would be an amazing experience, however, not for a lifetime because I know it will lead to depression.Through research, I picked some outThe beauty of these places is absolutely breathtaking :)Erzurum, TurkeyTemperatures in this city of 384, 399 average -7.8˚C (18˚F) in January—the coldest month of the year.2. Ürümqi, ChinaThe capital of Xinjiang: Ürümqi is a modern city where the Tiān Shān mountains can be seen from afar and average January temperatures reach -9.8˚C (14.4˚F)3. Ottawa, CanadaCanda’s capital city faces an average temperature of -10.2˚C (13.6˚F) in January. Locals take advantage of the low temperatures to skip the traffic by skating to work across the frozen Rideau Canal.4. Edmonton, CanadaThis city in Alberta sits on the North Saskatchewan River and experiences winter temperatures around -10.4˚C (13.3˚F) in January.5. Murmansk, RussiaWith a population of over 325,000 Murmansk is the largest city north of the Arctic Circle. Average temperatures in January are -11.3˚C (11.7˚F).6. Vladivostok, RussiaVladivostok is in Russia’s Far East, near the country’s border with China. Average January temperatures reach -13.1˚C (8.4˚F).7.Saskatoon, CanadaIn 2017, the city of Saskatoon estimated the population to be 271,000 making it Saskatchewan’s largest city. Average temperatures reach lows of -13.9˚C (7˚F) in January.Arkhangelsk, RussiaArkhangelsk, or Archangel in English, is located 50 kilometers (30 miles) from the White Sea. Average temperatures in this port city hit a low of -14.6˚C (5.7˚F) in January.Whitehorse, CanadaLocated in the Yukon, Whitehorse is northern Canada’s largest city where temperatures regularly reach lows of -15.2˚C (4.6˚F) in January.Harbin, ChinaMore than nine million brave residents live in the ice-cold winter temperatures in the city of Harbin in China’s Heilongjiang province. With average temperatures of -19.4°C (-3°F) in January, it’s no wonder Harbin is commonly referred to as ‘Ice City’.Thankyouu for taking your time to read this :)

A battlesship's guns had a reach of more than 20 km. How did they aim? And how could they see where the shells hit?

interestingly, the answer to your question was a major factor in the development of the techniques … that now let you ask that question here on Quora.It’s the science of ballistics. Now this is one of the older sciences around - that is being able to accurately throw something at someone and have it actually hit where you want it to. At first it was kind of simple … point and shoot kind of things. But as artillery developed the calculations - muzzle velocity, projectile course, muzzle angle relative to the ground, amount of charge in the powder - started to become more and more complex. Back with simpler cannons they used different sort of calculators, including difference engines (early computers) and books full of tables of already figured out firing solutions to solve artillery’s ballistic challenges to properly target their cannon. Now add to that curvature and movement of the earth, your target’s relative motion (if its a ship) and your relative motion (if you are a ship) and the need to be able to crunch those numbers - in real time - became vital.So yes, once again military needs drove the development of better and better technology … in this case calculators … which eventually developed into the already mentioned fire control computer.So yup. The reason ships can hit something at range is part and parcel of the same tech that lets you ask questions about how they do that.