What are some achievements of the Hellenistic culture?
Hellenistic civilization represents the zenith of Greek influence in the ancient world from 323 BC to about 146 BC. it was immediately preceded by the Classical Greece period, and immediately followed by the rule of Rome over the areas Greece had earlier dominated – although much of Greek culture, art and literature permeated Roman society, whose elite spoke and read Greek as well as Latin. after the conquest of the Persian Empire by Alexander the Great of Greek Macedon, Macedonian kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (the 'Near' and 'Middle East') and north-east Africa (mainly ancient Egypt). this resulted in the export of Greek culture and language to these new realms, and moreover Greek colonists themselves. Equally, however, these new kingdoms were influenced by the indigenous cultures, adopting local practices where beneficial, necessary or convenient.
Sparta with respect to National Socialism?
Was Sparta the first National Socialist State (Nazi)? Hitler said he took a lot of his aspirations and was deeply influenced by Sparta. Even going so far as to call it the first National Socialist State. Since the Spartans also killed all babies who were born deformed. Trained their young men to be warriors. Were very racial, seeing all non-Spartans as inferior. A little known fact is that Greek did not only give us democracy. Greece also gave us white supremacism, as one can see by the writings of Aristotle or Plato when they talk of non-Greeks. As well Sparta was not a democracy but ruled under a King. Finally Sparta enslaved most of the surrounding non-Spartan peoples. Such as the Thessalonians I believe they were, were forced into servitude of Sparta. So would it truly be accurate to say Sparta was the first Nazi state as Hitler stated?
How did the myths contribute to Greek society, culture, and history?
In a bad way... really.. But not in the beginning... Ulysses and other have contributed to rise the will to discover and conquest other lands... Later on... Greeks thought they were invincible!... so strong they was... And finally... Where is the so big Empire of Greece? Lays down under the time run out.... This is the way humanity uses to be... Guess I gave a help with a point to follow in your essay.....
Are modern Italians direct descendants of ancient Romans?
One can’t equate Italian=Roman. Rome, before the empire was a city state in south-central Italy whose people were ethnically part of the Latin speaking population that made up the region of Latium. They were part of the Italic tribes that lived in much of Italy and spoke related languages (like Umbrian). To the North were the Etruscans, a mysterious people who spoke a separate language. Beyond them were Celtic tribes as well as the Venetii. In the South of Italy were the Greek city states that made up “Magna Graecia” as the Romans called it. These where the first Greeks the Romans encountered, they used their tribal name, “Graikoi” to refer to all the Hellenes. It was also these Greeks that had a heavy influence on the cultures of Italy such as passing on their version of the alphabet rather than the one used in Athens which became the standard for Greek in the Hellenistic period.The Romans would later become the dominate power in Latium before conquering all of Italy and the islands near by. After that Rome began to expand outside of Italy and the Roman Empire would form. The Italian peninsula from about Naples (Neapolis at the time) north, along with Iberia, Gallia, Dacia and parts of the Balkans would be Latinized. Southern Italy largely remained Greek (and part of the Byzantine/(Eastern) Roman Empire for much of the middle ages—the area would not be largely Italicized until after about 1500, and even today Greek speaking villages still exist.The people of Italy, like most Europeans are largely descended of the neolithic populations that lived in the peninsula. That being said if one is referring to specifically “Roman” (or more accurately Latin/Italic) ancestry among Italians today it would be mostly found among central Italians. Among the Southern Italians they show a close relationship to Greeks even today “una facia, una racia” (it should also be noted that some of the neolithic DNA that entered into Greece thousands of years ago made its way to Southern Italy next, the two regions have always had “traffic” between them up until the early Ottoman period. Northern Italians show decent from the Etruscans and beyond them show a background similar to that of the South-east French, Swiss, and Austrians.So to answer the questions Italians are largely descended of the people who lived in Italy during the Roman period but the people of the region around Rome today are the specific decedents of the ethnic Latin Romans.
How did technological development shape human history from 12,000 bc to 15 century?
what was invented? roads, ( easier transportation of goods + war) deep ocean boats ( new worlds) just off the top of my head