What does anatomically correct mean?
It was first used to describe baby dolls which had natural-looking genitalia [external sexual organs]. In the interest of not offending anyone, I will let you fill in some blanks about the meaning in context.
What are some anatomical mistakes in famous paintings?
I started writing this then realised the question is famous paintings not artworks, but Ill carry on regardless. Michelangelo's Florence Pieta (The Deposition) was considered by the artist himself to be out of proportion, the figure of Jesus has an elongated torso. Unsatisfied, the ageing Michelangelo destroyed the sculpture, only for his workshop to re-assemble and work on the piece, notably the figure on the left. The wonderful topmost figure is thought to be a self portrait. Interestingly the anatomically perfect 'Vatican Pieta' which Michelangelo completed at the other end of his career was also attacked but years after the artists death in 1972. Michelangelos paintings (bringing it back to topic) and sculptures are famous for his 'Men with breasts', his overly muscular or masculine female characters. Some attribute this to the availability of female models, others to the artists sexuality. See 2 examples below in the London National Galleries 'Entombment'.
Just because homosexuality is not "anatomically" natural, is it necessarily "morally" wrong?
Christians like to say that homosexual acts aren't natural, and therefore unacceptable. So who made the rule that something has to be natural for it to be "morally" right? For example, humans naturally walk on legs right? So what about an amputated lady who's lost her legs? She uses her arms to walk instead. Is it natural to walk with arms? NO. Is it wrong? NOOO! Same goes with homosexuals. The thing is, homosexuals are only attracted to the same sex, and it is NOT a choice, and it is NOT changeable. So what's wrong with homosexuals having sex? Are you christians going to say that you've never had sex purely for pleasure before? So why can't homosexuals do that too? Or are you trying to tell me that you only have sex for the sake of having children? If that's the case (which i doubt), then that's your problem. Anyway, what I'm trying to say is that, something that isn't natural, isn't always wrong!
Explanation of anatomy directional terms?
Unfortunately there were some things wrong with the last answerer. Speaking anatomically, anterior is actually towards the front of your body, not towards the head. Therefore, you were correct in stating anterior and ventral are interchangeable, as are posterior and dorsal. (TRICKY PART HERE: when standing in the anatomical reference position, your arms are down and palms FACE FORWARD, so palms are considered the anterior surface of the hand, whereas the back of your hand is posterior. Superior is more towards the head, Inferior is more towards the feet. Lateral and medial refer to the relationship of the organ to the mid line of your body if drawn from say your nose to your navel. Therefore your ears are more lateral than your eyes. (Important for knee ligaments, MCL is located on the inside of your knee, LCL on the outside) Superficial vs deep you have correct. As is cortex vs medulla (example is the adrenal cortex vs medulla) Proximal vs distal is easiest to think about on your arms or legs. Your wrist is distal to you elbow (further away from the point of attachment). Your knee is proximal to your ankle (knee closer to point of appendage attachment than the ankle) Peripheral doesn't come up too often unless speaking of the Central vs Peripheral Nervous system. Peripheral would mean towards the edges so I would imagine it would be similar to superficial, but as I said, I really only ever hear it when talking about the nervous system. There are two words for each because its biology and science and everything we do is redundant:) (There is probably a better reason, but what I put is true as well.)
What does abnormal anatomy mean?
Abnormal Anatomy means just that, that you are anatomically abnormal, or in layman's terms, that you have a missing or incorrect part of your body. That was probably said in reference to the gallbladder removal, meaning that with it gone you now do not have all of your body parts intact. Yeah, I know, doctors can give you a headache with all that mumbo jumbo... dontcha just wish they would SAY what they MEAN already??!