Does ethanol conduct electricity? How does it compare to other conductors?
Pretty much only metals and salty solutions conduct electricity, because to conduct electricity electrons must have chains of positive and negative charges where electrons can be pushed along the chain by voltage. Some non-metals are conductive, like carbon and graphite, some forms of sulphur and phosphorus can also conduct electricity somewhat.If the voltage is high enough, current can be transmitted through anything (and even nothing), if the amperage is high enough in combination to allow arcing. Putting an arc through ethanol would be quite dangerous I think, because it could cause the formation of diethyl ether and that can auto-ignite with water, which is naturally also present.
In an aqueous solution of ethanol, C2H5OH, what ions or molecule/s would be present in solution?
Mostly water & ethanol molecules, with a small percentage of ions (H3O+, OH-, CH3CHO- and CH3CH2OH2+ - the latter pair in trace amounts).
Which compound dissolves in water to form a solution that does not conduct electricity?
HCl and NaCl both dissolve to form ions so they will conduct electricity. The COOH ending for CH3COOH indicates that it is an organic acid, so it also (partially) ionizes to form CH3COO- and H+ so it will also conduct electricity. Since it is a "weak" electrolyte, it will not conduct electricty to the same extent as HCl and NaCl which ionize completely and are "strong" electrolytes. C, ethanol does not ionize appreciably so it will not conduct electricity in water solution.
Why is ethanol a non-electrolyte, and what is the chemical reasoning behind this?
Ethanol is a organic alcohol C2H5OH. It does not produce positive and negative ions.We have to look at inorganic chemicals likeSodium chloride, Salt, dissolved in water. We now have positive Sodium ions , Na+ and negative Chloride ions Cl-. When I was about 10, I dissolved salt in water; soldered copper wire on a 9 volt PP3 battery and put them in a saturated solution of Sodium chloride. The two ends of the copper wire give off a gas. What do you think that it? Have a go.
Why compounds like alcohols and glucose do not show acidic behaviour although they contain hydrogen in them?
Alcohols do show acidic character. Alcohols contain active H. Active hydogens are those which attached to EN elements like N, O,F. Alcohols after releasing H+ ion forms alkoxide ion.Alcohols react with Na and liberate hydrogen. Alchols react with acids to form esters. This is due to O-H bond breaking of alcohol and C-O bond of carboxylic acid.
Which compound dissolves in water to form an aqueous solution that can conduct an electric current?
CH3COOH (Acetic Acid) is the answer The reason acids conduct electricity is that when they are mixed with water, they "separate" into ions. And the ions are charge carriers.
Is ethanol an electrolyte?
No ethanol is not an electrolyte, it doesn't form any ions when mixed with water
Why are organic compounds insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents?
Polar compounds are soluble in polar solvents and non-polar in non-polar solvents. Generally organic compounds are non-polar so, most of them are insoluble in water as water is a polar solvent. Even then, it dissolves in water. It is because of one ionic bond at the end of the chain.Generally organic compounds are non-polar so, most of them are insoluble in water as water is a polar solvent. In case of ethanol, it contains polar O-H bond. Hence it is soluble in water. But it is not as polar as water and hence it readily dissolves in non-polar solvents too like ethers.Solubility - Wikipedia
How does CaCl2 react in a KCl solution in order to produce a stable K+ ion in an aqueous solution?
K[math]^+[/math] ions are already present in KCl solution; calcium chloride has nothing to do with it, and does not react with KCl solution except for dissolving (separating into calcium ions and chloride ions).
Why is ethanol soluble in water?
It can be confusing. Ethanol is soluble where as larger molecules of a seemingly similar type do not. It's about the overall polarity (or electrical balance) of the molecule. The hydroxyl group plays the main role in allowing it to be tied to a H2O molecule but the added hydrocarbon chains start to degrade that polarity. Ethanol has an overall polarity that allows it to make hydrogen bonds to water easily, allowing solubility. Methanol, ethanol and propanol have just less enough hydrocarbon chains to make the -OH to H2O bond possible (i.e. soluble). Once that fourth(?) carbon comes in to play the electrical balance shifts and it no longer allows the end -OH to make a hydrogen bond to water. The reason, the electro balance takes "power" away from the -OH end not letting it bond to the H (in H2O) as it normally would. Now the molecule is more "stable" or "apolar". The electrons in the molecule make the the unsettled -OH chill out and allow balance internally, not seeking recognition from the outside, such as from the always polar H2O molecule. So you can imagine in it like the more you add hydrocarbon chains to it, the more it takes solubility away from it. -OH loses it's touch as the molecule has a longer chain, balancing against that polar end.