What are important characteristics used by scientists to divide the plant kingdom into four groups of plants?
Presence of xylem and phloem (vascular) Presence of seed resence of flowers Division Bryophyta - nonvascular plants Division Pterophyta - ferns, a group of seedless plants and vascular Division Coniferophyta - cone-forming seed plants and vascular Division Anthophyta -flower and fruit-forming seed plants and vascular
List three characteristics of tracheophytes and bryophytes?
Bryophytes have no root, leaves or stems they have tissues and enclosed reproductive systems, but they lack vascular tissue that circulates liquids. They neither have flowers nor produce seeds, reproducing via spores. Mosses, hornworts and liverworts fall into this category. Tracheophytes have roots, stems and leaves. Trees, shrubs, grains, flowers, grasses etc. are considered tracheophytes. Tracheophytes utilize a vascular system for absorption of food, water and metabolism. There are nine divisions or phyla of tracheophytes, divided into three major groups according to their reproduction method: Psilopsid or seedless Gymnosperm or non-flowering Angiosperm or flowering
What are the characteristics of marchantia?
Marchantia is a genus in the family Marchantiaceae of the order Marchantiales, a group of liverworts. These are simple plants without roots or vascular systems. They were once considered related to mosses and part of division Bryophyta, but more recently have been assigned their own plant division, Marchantiophyta. Marchantia thallus shows differentiation into two layers: an upper photosynthetic or assimilatory region and a lower storage region with a well defined upper epidermis with air channels (barrel-shaped). It features tiny cup like structures called gemmae cups, which is used for asexual reproduction. Multicellular purple colored scales and unicellular rhizoids are present on the ventral surface of the thallus. Antheridia and archegonia are present on special erect gametophores called antheridiophores and archegoniophores respectively born on separate thallai.
Which criteria are used for the classification of plants? Explain with reasons.
From the Linnaean beginning, the principal criterion for the classification of flowering plants was the flower itself — its structure, number of parts, etc. This was, for the most part, a pretty accurate way of classifying flowering plants. However, as years went by, other elements of morphology (form) came to be considered more strongly as well — general plant structure, seed development, vascular bundles, pollen form, etc. Chromosome counts started to be used to help distinguish species and hybrids. Another factor was specialized chemical analysis; for instance, a certain form of enzyme might only be found in closely-related plants. Geographic distribution was of help in the lower levels of classification.Another critical factor that came into play was paleobotany. Ancestral forms of plants sometimes pointed to modern relationships.Then they started doing genetic analysis. This mostly started with chloroplast genes. However, there was a problem with this in that it did not always give completely accurate information. In more recent years, more analysis has been done on nuclear gene sequences, which is the most accurate means of classification we’ve ever had and possibly will ever have.However, ferns had no flowers and could not be so analyzed. The form and shape of the sorus (clusters of sporangia) in a fern was the original principal criterion. The form of dehiscence of the sporangium was recognized as characteristic of larger groups. The spores themselves came to be analyzed for form and structure. Other factors included the general factors cited above for flowering plants, other than the flowers or pollen. Today, genetic analysis is also critically important with the ferns — and the lycophytes, and non-vascular plants, etc.Leaf or frond form is not a very good criterion for classification except in closely-related groups.Today, hierarchical classification, which was very problematic in many ways, is giving way to cladistics. This is, instead, a branching flow of descendancy that shows evolutionary relationships. The principal reference work for this is the Phylocode. A new edition of the Phylocode is being prepared now, and should be published soon.Here is a page in the Tree of Life site illustrating a cladistic diagram for embryophyte plants: Embryophytes. However, the fern clade is more commonly termed Monilophyta rather than Polypodiopsida.
What is the similarity among the plant groups thallophyta, bryophyta and pteridophyta?
1)Bryophta, thallophyta, pteridophyta belongs to sub kingdom cryptogam2) They don't produce fruit, flowers3)Cell wall are made up of cellulose4)Are autotropic and produce their own food5)Reserve food in form of starch6)Hidden repoductive structures7)Reproduce asexually by means of spores
What are the most common characteristics of moss?
There are several characteristics possessed by moss including:Moss body there are several different examples we can see the difference of body moss Hepaticopsida (moss liver) which is shaped sheet with leaf moss body (Bryopsida) which is small and upright. Likewise with the size possessed by the smallest moss is generally ranged between 1-2 cm, and most of the high about 20 cm.Rhizoid is a part similar to the root looks like a thread and serves as a place to absorb water and mineral salts and attached to its habitat.If we observe the leaf moss is very thin just as thin as one layer of cells Only different things are found in the mother of the leaf bone is more than one layer of cells.Bryophyta is a multicellular and eukaryotic organismThe tip of the stem Just growth but not with the development.The way to transfer the meal is still very simple just a network of carriers that are empelur without having the vessels either phloem or xylem, empelur absorb water through rhizoid by diffusion.In the development of reproduction of moss plants have 2 ways to multiply themselves or can be known by rotation offspring through two phases such as gametophyte phase (haploid) and sporofit phase (diploid).Male breeders are antheridium and females are archegonium.
What are some bryophyta examples?
Bryophytes are thalloid plants charactetized by heteromorphic alternation of generation wherein the sporophyte is either wholly or partially dependent on the gametophyte. Some examples of bryophytes are as follows:AnthocerosFunariaMarchantiaPlagiochasmaPolytrichumRiccia
Why do bryophytes are called the amphibians of plantae kingdom?
Bryophytes are also known as amphibians of plant kingdom as they can survive both in water and land. They are mostly found on marshy and wet lands where they can adapt and survive with both water nutrients and soil nutrients and can gain minerals which are not found on normal soil.