How will FDI affect the retail sector in India ? What are the pros & cons?
Cons:Possible unemployment at lower level jobsConcentration of resources and power with a few retail outlets.Reduction of choice as many local merchants be out of business.But, I think the pros outweigh the cons. Here is why:Building up a modern supply chain infrastructure. By the time goods get to consumers, a big chunk of agricultural products get wasted. This is due to the byzantine supply chain system. It requires billions of dollars and technology know how to build a modern supply chain infrastructure. Currently, only deep pocketed FDI players can build such. Once the infrastructure is built, there would be ruboff effects on the whole economy.Disintermediation. By the time a vegetable reaches a consumer it might have passed through 6 hands. This colossal waste due to intermediataries and brokers can be reduced by one retail chain buying from farmers and selling it to the buyers. In most cases, the farmers get a great deal.Better tax collection. Does your neighborhood shopkeeper give you proper receipt? In a modern retail, receipts are mandatory and that helps the government with tax collection. Billions of dollars in sales tax receipts happen in India.Better quality control. FDI backed retailers will have better resources to setup cold storage facilities and quality control centers. More jobs for the middle class. Retail industry hires plenty of lower and upper middle class people to manage the stores and supply chain. These jobs can help people out of poverty. Also, child labor can be curtailed in modern retail due to better visibility. In contrast, existing jobs in local kiranawallah is mostly at the menial level. The foreign retailers who come to India will also be more open to sourcing manufactured goods and food products from India - as they have existing infrastructure. This mean more jobs and forex reserves.
What is the difference between international company and multinational company?
International companies have no foreign direct investments (FDI) and make their product or service only in their home country. In other words, they're exporters and importers. They have no staff, warehouses, or sales offices in foreign countries. The best examples of international companies, in the strict sense, are exotic retail shops that sell imported products, or small local manufacturers that export to neighboring countries.Multinational companies cross the FDI threshold. They invest directly in foreign assets, whether it's a lease contract on a building to house service operations, a plant on foreign soil, or a foreign marketing campaign. Generally, though. Multinational companies, however, have FDI only in a limited number of countries, and they do not attempt to homogenize their product offering throughout the countries they operate in -- they focus much more on being responsive to local preferences than a global company would.Global companies have investments in dozens of countries but maintain a strong headquarters in one, usually their home country. Their mantra is economies of scale, and they'll homogenize products as much as the market will allow in order to keep costs low. Their marketing campaigns often span the globe with one message (albeit in different languages) in an attempt to smooth out differences in local tastes and preferences.Transnational companies are often very complex and extremely difficult to manage. They invest directly in dozens of countries and experience strong pressures both for cost reduction and local responsiveness. These companies may have a global headquarters, but they also distribute decision-making power to various national headquarters, and they have dedicated R&D activities for different national markets.
Why did Modi oppose FDI back when he was CM? What are his reasons now for increasing FDI in almost every sector?
U-turn in FDI is consistent with the previous behavior of the BJP and the Sangh Parivar. They say one thing when BJP is in opposition and another when in power. Many people keep falling for them anyway.Before 2014, Jaitley said he will oppose FDI in retail till his last breath. But when in power, their government only relaxed the FDI norms to allow 100% FDI in food products retail and continued with the UPA policy of 51% FDI in other segments.Government Retains 51% FDI in Multi-Brand Retail, Which BJP Had OpposedIndia allows 100 percent FDI in processed food retailing | ET RetailCan you recognize Gadkari doing dharna against FDI in retail from before 2014? Can you recognize the BJP organizing Bharat bandh?(More pictures: Bharat bandh over FDI in retail and diesel price hike, Photo Gallery)So, basically you organize Bharat bandh on an issue in opposition and once in power, you continue with the same policies and even take one step further.Before 2014, Swamy said FDI in telecom and defense is against the national interest but now he can’t and won’t say the same thing against the Modi government.UPA's decision on FDI against national interest: Subramanian SwamyFor the huge number of U-turns taken by Mr Modi, see: What are the worst U-turns made by BJP after forming the government? Before the Lok Sabha elections, BJP made many promises, but it slowly seems it's taking many U-turns.For a detailed lecture on the history of BJP’s U-turns, see this: Fun with the Sangh Parivar.Finally, to directly answer your question, yes, Modi ji did oppose FDI when he was a CM and now is pushing for more and more FDI in all sectors. Modi ji is a part of BJP and he will do as his party does—U-turns in this case.
How is the sound quality of Onkyo home theater speakers vs BOSE?
Probably about the same with Bose having a slight edge both have there weaknesses...it also depends on what model speaker your talking about..Bose generally will have better built cabinet work, but there drivers tend to be old fashion paper cones even the tweeters are paper cone, some Bose speakers have a lot of technology built in like the Acumass bass module but then they pair it with relatively simple old school satellites...Onkyo speakers may have more modern drivers but the cabinets tend to be make out of plastic and not a very high quality plastic so they tend to resonate at higher volumes...not very much internal bracing, as a general rule, you can tell a lot about a speaker by how much it weighs...the heaver it is the better it will sound just generally speaking...also if you tap the cabinet with your knuckles and you get a hollow sound the speaker is not built that well, better speakers will have a solid feel and no sound just a thud when rapped..also the binding posts on poor quality speakers tend to be spring clips while better speakers have 5 way gold plated binding posts...just some things to look for when checking out speakers...
Why did Modi oppose FDI back when he was CM? What are his reasons now for increasing FDI in almost every sector?
U-turn in FDI is consistent with the previous behavior of the BJP and the Sangh Parivar. They say one thing when BJP is in opposition and another when in power. Many people keep falling for them anyway.Before 2014, Jaitley said he will oppose FDI in retail till his last breath. But when in power, their government only relaxed the FDI norms to allow 100% FDI in food products retail and continued with the UPA policy of 51% FDI in other segments.Government Retains 51% FDI in Multi-Brand Retail, Which BJP Had OpposedIndia allows 100 percent FDI in processed food retailing | ET RetailCan you recognize Gadkari doing dharna against FDI in retail from before 2014? Can you recognize the BJP organizing Bharat bandh?(More pictures: Bharat bandh over FDI in retail and diesel price hike, Photo Gallery)So, basically you organize Bharat bandh on an issue in opposition and once in power, you continue with the same policies and even take one step further.Before 2014, Swamy said FDI in telecom and defense is against the national interest but now he can’t and won’t say the same thing against the Modi government.UPA's decision on FDI against national interest: Subramanian SwamyFor the huge number of U-turns taken by Mr Modi, see: What are the worst U-turns made by BJP after forming the government? Before the Lok Sabha elections, BJP made many promises, but it slowly seems it's taking many U-turns.For a detailed lecture on the history of BJP’s U-turns, see this: Fun with the Sangh Parivar.Finally, to directly answer your question, yes, Modi ji did oppose FDI when he was a CM and now is pushing for more and more FDI in all sectors. Modi ji is a part of BJP and he will do as his party does—U-turns in this case.