Please answer this problem regarding fluid mechanics?
According to Pascal's principle, the pressure will be equal throughout the system, so the pressure at the large piston will be p = 4*10^5 N/m^2 too. Therefore the force on the piston will be F = p A and this should exceed the weight of the car: p A > m g A > m g / p A > 900 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 / (4*10^5 N/m^2) A > 2.2 10^-2 m^2 Now we are asked to calculate the diameter of the piston, so we can assume it is of circular shape...: A = 1/4 pi d^2 d = sqrt(4 A / pi) = sqrt( 4 * 2.2 * 10^-2 m^2 / pi) d = 17 cm
Fluid Mechanics problems?
1. Use this form... ρ = M/V ρ = M/(Ah) Let... M = 1.4 * 10³ A = ? h = 0.076 m ρ = 917 Therefore... A = M/(ρh) = 1.4 * 10³ / (917 * 0.076) ≈ 20.1 m² 2. By Pascal's principle, we have... P_absolute = P₀ + ρhg = 1.013 * 10^(5) + 13.6 * 10³ * 760 * 10^(-3) * 9.81 ≈ 2.03 * 10^(4) Pa Let's see if you can work out the last problem by yourself. Hint: Relate to the Pascal's principle and Pressure formula to work out the problem.
Why study of fluid mechanics is essential for civil engineering? Please discuss in detail with examples related to the field of civil engineering.
We need energy to sustain. Hydroelectric power accounts for around 13.5 %[1] of our total energy production. You need dams to generate this energy. Dams are massive super structures, that lead to catastrophic conditions on failure. It is absolutely important to correctly assess the water pressure on the structure. How on Earth are you supposed to know it without studying the behavior of water under static and seeping conditions. This calls for the requirement of fluid mechanics.You drink water, use it for uncountable reasons. Irrigation is another requirement. It is not necessary that ground water or tube well water is always available. Or you fall in an area near a river. Canals are build to serve this purpose. This calls for the requirement of studying the behavior of water flowing in an open channel. Any miscalculation of slope of channel or its dimensions renders the channel unfit for use. Another branch of fluid mechanics.Talking of open channels, the sewer taking away the wastes that we produce everyday are also kind of channel flow. They are designed to maintain a self cleansing velocity which washes away any excess sludge deposited in the sewer to prevent the blockage of it with overtime usage. Another application of fluid mechanics.Hydraulic jack which makes tonnes of load look light works on the principle of Pascal’s law. Fluid Mechanics.There are countless application of Bernoulli’s theorem. Siphon, Venturimeter, and pumps are few to name. Fluid Mechanics.Are you still not convinced to study fluid mechanics.Engineering is beyond clearing exams and getting a degree.Image Source: Google.com-NJFootnotes[1] Hydroelectric power in India - Wikipedia
What is the application of fluid mechanics?
God, where shall I start! The applications encompass a wide range of everyday life activities.To give an idea, note that fluid mechanics deals with the laws governing the behaviour [static and dynamic] of fluids [gases and liquids]. So technically, any machine that uses a fluid even a little bit is a direct application of fluid mechanics. Due to this, its insanely difficult to categorise the applications. But still here is (close to) a list:Turbo machinery: These machines generate power on the basis of the dynamic flow of fluids, and sometimes its the other way around. Pumps [centrifugal], compressors [centrifugal and axial], turbines [radial and axial] are all on this category. If you have a standard book of fluid mechanics with you, you can see that the last few chapters are always dedicated to some commonly used turbo machines.Hydraulics: Using the incompressible nature of liquids, hydraulics uses liquids like oil to transport loads from one place to another. Pascal’s law is the key here. Note that I have not added pneumatics as it deals with gases and the laws of gases required for pneumatics are better explained in a separate course known as Gas Dynamics.Pipe networks: While we rely on fluids to generate power and transport loads, sometimes its the fluid itself that needs to be transported across large distances. And here we have pipings to look to it. The simple reason it is added as an application is because in order to design the principal pipe dimensions, one needs to know the properties and volume of the fluid that is to be transported.These are the direct applications of fluid mechanics. Note that I have not added a lot of applications like Heat exchangers, mixers, agitators. Well they do come under applications, but fluid mechanics alone is not enough. These applications also require the theories mentioned in Heat Transfer. The subjects Heat Transfer, Fluid mechanics and Gas Dynamics are quite interlinked and often the industrial applications rely on these three as a trio to be designed and operated.Image credits: Google imagesEdit 1: There is a difference between piping, pipeline and pipe networks. It depends on the distance of travel and fluid used [and lots of other factors].
Why is it important to study fluid mechanics?
Pay no mind to Orange Julius up there. His answer doesn't even touch the tip of the tip of the iceberg. Fluid mechanics is, obviously, the study of fluids. That means any fluids: liquids, gases, plasmas. In liquids: Submarines traveling quietly through the ocean have fluid mechanics associated with the acoustics of the hull, the drag on the hull, the cavitation of the propeller blades, etc. Irrigation systems certainly have fluid mechanics involved in their design. Hydraulic systems use fluid mechanics principles. Hydroelectricity is generated using fluid mechanics in conjunction with thermodynamics. Supercomputer cooling systems are designed with fluid mechanics and thermodynamic principles to cool the chips effectively. In gases: Aerodynamics is a subset of fluid mechanics and basically dictates the entirety of how an airplane works. The wind around a sky scraper or a bridge causes a force, which has to be accounted for when designing, which is a fluid mechanics problem. Wind turbines are designed using fluid mechanics. HVAC systems combine fluid mechanics with heat transfer in gases and liquids. Plasmas: Attempts at nuclear fusion center around plasmas. Several new space thrusters use plasmas as a means of propulsion. I could list TONS more applications, but for the sake of brevity, I will let you investigate more on your own.
PHYSICS QUIZ QUESTION HELP ON FLUID MECHANICS!?
1. Calculate the buoyant force on a cube of metal with an edge of 1.3 cm that is placed in salt water. The density of the metal is 7.86 x 103 kg/m3, and the density of the salt water is 1.025 x 103 kg/m3. Question 6 options: a) 2.2 x 101 N b) 2.2 x 102 N c) 4.6 x 106 N d) 4.6 x 1010 N 2. A force of 580 N is applied on a 2.0 m2 piston of a hydraulic lift. If a crate weighing 2900 N is raised, what is the area of the piston beneath the crate? Question 9 options: a) 1.0 x 10-2 m2 b) 0.40 m2 c) 2.5 m2 d) 1.0 x 101 m2 3. The net vertical force due to pressure between two depths within a fluid equals the weight of the fluid between the two depths. This is another way of stating which of the following? Question 10 options: a) Archimedes' principle b) Newton's second law c) Pascal's principle d) the definition of density
What is the importance of fluid mechanics in real life?
Fluid mechanics is involved in your cardiovascular system - your heart and your blood circulation.
Basic concept of Hydraulics?
Let's say you weigh 100 pounds and step onto a piston with an area of one square inch. You will move the piston down, and the gas or fluid behind it, until you increase the fluid pressure by 100 pounds per square inch (PSI). If it's a gas, you'll probably just compress the gas. If it's water or hydraulic fluid, you'll compress the fluid a very tiny bit and expand the container until the pressure is 100PSI. If the hydraulic system is connected to another piston with an area of 200 square inches, your 100 pounds will apply a force on that piston of 2000 pounds, enough to lift a small car. But to move that piston up one inch, you'll need to push your piston down 200 inches to move the necessary volume of fluid.
How difficult is fluid mechanics? What are some tips when I self-study this subject? What books do you recommend?
Fluid mechanics is difficult indeed. The primary reason is there seems to be more exceptions than rules. This subject evolves from observing behaviour of fluids and trying to put them in the context of mathematical formulation. Many phenomena are still not accurately explained. Therefore, whatever approach you take, it should involve a lot of practical observation along with theory.The following may be a possible approach to learn fluid mechanics. - Get the Fluid Mechanics book by F M White and read it paragraph by paragraph. Try to visualize the flow patterns while understanding the theory. Make it a habit to visualize every time you try to understand something. Be aware of the static and dynamic fluid concept. - Sketch the patterns, a lot. Understand why the flow is behaving in a certain way. Once you understand something, try to explain it to yourself in a paper closing the book.- Derive the proofs, again and again, till you almost memorize it. Solve different problems that varies in the conceptual aspects. Visualize a lot during the process. Learn the mathematics required to prove the concepts.- Fall in love with the Navier Stoke's Equation. This is one of the most fundamental equation for fluid mechanics. Try to derive it in different coordinate systems. Try it in spherical coordinate system. - Get the book "Life in Moving Fluids: The Physical Biology of Flow" by S Vogel and read it to gain understanding and elevate your interest in fluid mechanics.- Make a habit of watching fluid flow experimental and simulation videos from internet. Many complex concepts will become easier to understand then. For example, Fluid Dynamics Simulation by Dan SchroederI hope this will create enough understanding for you to ace the examination. If you still want to go on, start learning applied mathematics and watch the following talk, "Mathematics Gives You Wings" by Stanford professor Margot Gerritsen in youtube. Hope this helps.