• Why are the earth's orbital parameters of interest to climatologists?
Because they are interested in where the earth is in its orbit around the sun. The orbit is elliptical and therefore at times along the orbit we are closer, and other times we are farther from the sun. this can have an effect on our climate.
basically you should study physics , chemistry and mathematics till 12thEarn a Bachelor's DegreeBachelor's degree programs usually combine climatology with the study of meteorology, which is the science of weather forecasting. This provides the strong education in science, math, and computer technology needed for a climatology career. Foundation topics in chemistry and physics lead to more advanced coursework in oceanography, astronomy, plate tectonics, and advanced math such as calculus. Students also learn technical skills for geographic information systems (GIS), satellites, radar, and forecasting computer software.
That’s a huge question. And I’m only “honorary”.Let’s see, when I started out helping, I was already preparing for snow hydrology. On the Shoestring Glacier on Mt St Helens, before it blew up, we had laser range finders, theodolites, corner reflectors, batteries (I lugged one out (expended) and met this grouch named Harry Truman (gone, no sympathy)). Oh, and HP-67 calculators. We could measure 8 inch movement per day of kinematic waves. I my friend was taking joke by her then boy friend about her first degree (UW) in “atmospheric science” with “why don’t you call it meteorology?” or “climatology?”People want to study the mass and energy balance of 3-D (most friends do finite element work on Stokes flows).Later I would join her advisers and other colleagues with drills and coring equipment (tons of it). Some people gas chemistry on the trapped air. My friends did fabric studies of the ice shear.When we did snow hydrology, we took pyrogometers and radiometers trying to tie numerical models to remotely sensed data. What’s your climatological interest?Or are you just trying to be a climate change debunker?
“How many climatologists in the world are there?”It depends on what you consider a “climatologist”? If you only consider active scientists with a Ph.D. in climatology, not too many. If you consider active scientists with a Ph.D. in fluid dynamics, earth science, geoscience, etc… who actively research and study climate then the list gets a bit longer.In 2015, James Powell surveyed the scientific literature published in the previos two years (2013, 2014) to assess published views on AGW among active climate science researchers. He tallied 69,406 individual scientists who authored papers on global climate during those years. So that may represent a minimum number given not every active research scientists publishes in their specific field every single year.Climate Scientists Virtually Unanimous
Would you rather hear from a concerned climatologist?
The problem you have is you seem to disregard what a "concerned climatologist" is if they disagree with you. Many of us here have science degrees, Jeff M is the only one I'm aware of who has extensive knowledge of climate science without having a background in science (IIRC). All of us who have studied science are very familiar with statistics and chemistry etc. I have also done a bit of reading on philosophy and I can tell you quite confidently that the few choice topics you have repeatedly asked variations on all contain logical fallacies. This one has a name- it's callled a red herring. You have in the past asked about the amount of space humans occupy and how it is relevant. And you were told it is not. Anyway, just for fun since you asked it is easy to work out how much space 1 tonne of CO2 occupies given a few assumptions. First- at standard temperature and pressure (0C and 1 atmosphere ie the air pressure at sea level) 1 mole of CO2 occupies a cube of volume 22.4L. Since gasses are measured in volume, we use cubic metres (not cubic feet since we are discussing science and not sport). 1 mole of gas is the molecular weight in grams. 1 mole CO2 = 1 x C + 2 x O = 1 x 12 + 2 x 16 =44g There are 1 000 000g in 1 tonne so 1000000/44 = 22727.2727 mol Now we use the ideal gas equation: PV=nRT P= pressure (at STP is 100kPa) V= volume (what we are trying to find) n = number of moles R = 8.31 (a constant) T = 0C = 273K :. V= (22727.2727 x 8.31 x 273)/100 = 515597.727L 1 litre = 0.001 cubic metres so shift the decimal place forward by 3 to get 515.6 cubic metres. You can convert that to your sport measurement if you like, just use an online calculator. PS I'm heaps tired so I probably made a mistake in the calculations. But you get the idea.
Meteorology is the study of weather. This usually involves studying individual regional weather trends/patterns over a specific period of time (usually less than 100 years). It also involves utilizing sampling data from weather stations all around the world to predict upcoming weather for up to a 3 - 5 day period with moderate to excellent accuracy, and up to 14 - 30 days with poor to moderate accuracy.Climatology is the study of the climate. The climate involves the study of weather trends/patterns over a LONG period of time, which could be centuries or even millennia. Climatologists can usually tell you the types of weather or temperatures that the dinosaurs faced just by studying the fossil records and known weather and/or volcanic activity during a specific period in late history.Climatologists may be able to produce a reasonable forecast, but their interest is usually on things that have already happened, or are looking at long term trends in climate changes like those being brought on by global warming (at this point, anyone who is denying that man has impacted the climate by raising the amount of greenhouse gasses in our atmosphere must be smoking something that isn’t legal in many states/countries).
Is Harry Kloor a Climate Scientist?
I can recall being taught in Uni about climate change way back in the early 1970's and how the energy we were adding to the atmosphere from fossil fuels would accentuate any warming trend and mitigate any cooling trend. (I don't recall much talk of CO2). The difficulties arise from the anomalous properties of water and the energies involved in change of state such that there is an enormous inertia to overcome and how that inertia was what kept conditions sufficiently stable for life to develop as it has today. The thinking then (years before Gaia) was that the Earth would absorb an awful lot of anthropogenic warming before the system tipped into a new steady state with the likelihood being that deteriorating climate would effectively dismantle global civilization. Then politics and even showbiz got hold of Global Warming and turned it into a fashion fad and, as with all fashion fads, the public interest turned out to be short lived and the political interest both tricky and fickle. Can the frustrated scientists do anything about it? Of course, the very best Science comes from frustrated scientists. New funding will flood in once the Penny drops from it's present unfortunate bounce, but most likely not from the USA which can no longer even afford to build space shuttles. Geo-Engineering is likely to be tried now that reductions in energy use are unlikely given the nature of Globalisation. It might help short term, but the next cold cycle in the ongoing Ice Age is what will ultimately press the reset button causing mass migrations back down onto the Continental shelves. These cycles are far bigger than politics can cope with.
Click on this link then you will find the book you are looking for. Here are various kinds of books from famous writers which are of course interesting for you to read so hapy rading :)Atmosphere Weather And Climate: ClimatologyThe present book, "Atmosphere, Weather and Climate" is a book on Climatology. The approach taken is firmly based on sound scientific principles. The emphasis is on the simplification of the concepts. Essential scientific models, concepts and terms (particularly, for deeper knowledge of the subject) are explained in boxed sections which are separated from the text in order to facilitate the use of the book with wide academic background and interest. The book is intended to be a complete textbook on Climatology, for graduation and post graduation level for all the Indian Universities and Universities all over the world. The Book is useful for the climatology section of the Geography optional syllabus of UPSC Mains and State PCS Preparation.